Quote:
Originally Posted by
GuyNic
'It all boils down really to the identity of the Vyborg Nicolay (+1819/20)'
Here is all I have on the subject:
Magistrate and archivist Christopher Ludwig Nicolay (d.1758) married Sophie Charlotte Faber and issued Baron Ludwig Heinrich von Nicolay (1737-1820) of Mon Repos. He married Joanna Margarethe Poggenpohl. Their issue was Count Paul von Nicolay (1777-1866) who married Princess Alexandrine Simplicie de Broglie-Revel. And so it goes on...sources are mixed. No idea about Sir George Amyand, Baron Alexander Stroganov, F.M.Grimm.
Anyway, back to Bach, Handel et al...I have copies of Frederick Nicolays will, Hyatt King's 'Some British Collectors of Music' and Donald Burrows paper 'The Royal Music Library and its Handel Collection' that I could look through. What do you feel may help the discussion's 'enlightenment' exactly?
I have provided you, GuyNic, with a good starting point(to your search for roots) in my previous but you bypassed it. Try to interpret what you read below and, if stuck somewhere, just ask:
(If Aymand, Grimm and Saint Germain confuse you, leave them out for the time being, bearing in mind however they all relate to Russia)
It all boils down really to the identity of the Vyborg Nicolay (+1819/20), same man imo as Sir George Amyand, Baron Alexander Stroganov, F.M.Grimm etc etc (the many etc's not to be underestimated) ie "le comte de Saint Germain".
Alternatively, to the true identity of the russian minister of foreign affairs, 1807-1812, Nikolay Petrovich (Rumyantzev) whose duties seem to be identical to those of Count Soltikoff ....now the Imperial Minister of Foreign Affairs(Sept 1807 he replaced Budberg)*
(1807, 16.07., Carl Ludwig Cocceji wellcomes Napoleon in Glogau during Tilsit). -one of the etc's!
May 1808 count Rumyantzev , head of Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Russia, invites Capodistria to serve in his Ministry and sends him his travel expenses .Capodistria leaves Corfu for Russia in July and, in same month(?) ....visits Baron Nicolai in Finnland wherefrom he writes to his father on the beautifull country side of Monrepos, Vyborg landscaped by the Baron, to suit “philosophers and scientists”. (Eleni Koukkou, Ioannis Capodistrias, 14th edition, Athens 2001, page 31)
Great interests go hand in hand with greater lies, least of them music!
*See "Flower's Political review and monthly register. (monthly miscellany)" by Benjamin Flower p81: "Soltikoff" becomes "Romantzov" on the same day (Lord Gower to one of the Cannings), Sept 1807!!
(And in fact an Ivan Petrovich Saltykov is registered as owner of the Vyborg estate in 1786 http://www.lib.helsinki.fi/elektra/summary.html : The site doesn't load no more, so here is the exact quote: ...September 1786, when pomeshchiki of Kivennapa parish in the province of Vyborg General Fieldmarshal Count Ivan Petrovich Saltykov and his wife Dar'ia Petrovna Saltykova (neé Chernysheva) applied for permission to mortgage their peasants. )
You may also go back to Alexanderpalace.org's forum and look for threads by Nevsky 17* and may also try 'Nikolai Rumyantsev in Russian History' by Vladimir F. Molchanov.
As for Frederick Nicolay's will and/or his relations to Handel/Bach: I expect nothing of significance is included, please prove me wrong nevertheless!
Regards.
*http://forum.alexanderpalace.org/ind...?topic=11715.0
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A little poetry next!
To be, or not to be: that is the question:
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep;
No more; and by a sleep to say we end
The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to...
The Rumyantsev-Saltycov-Nicolai identity struggle began in fact after the socalled battle of Kunersdorf (July 1759)*, where the russian and austrian forces led by a general, later known by all these names, all of a sudden decided to retreat instead of overrunning Prussia, thus saving the face and securing the fate of Kaiser Fritz (who selected to end his version of Prussia's rise to power, published after his death, with this specific battle, attributing the fact to a miracle!)
The Kaiser hosted, allegedly (history's spin doctors all giving their different version of SG's whereabouts at the time), Le comte de Saint Germain in the spring of the following year in Berlin and San Soucci, March to May, and after that he replaced Voltaire with "Rousseau" as his favorite author.
N.J.Jacquin’s "Enumeratio systematica plantarum" was published 1760**, Vienna. Linnaeus complimented him: I have seldom seen such a small booklet so rich in golden knowledge. I read it during the evening and could not sleep at night because I dreamed of your beautiful plants.
Baron (1806 and earlier) Nikolaus Joseph Jacquin's limited biography data*** link him strongly to Le comte de Saint Germain (Gioachino-Jacquin-Cocchi).
He, allegedly, left Cuba in 1759 and arrived in Vienna in July of the same year, and the expedition was considered to have been an unqualified success. Carl Linnaeus, hearing of the expedition, initiated what would become a lifelong correspondence with Jacquin, writing him congratulations in a letter of August 1, 1759. He welcomed Jacquin as "the ambassador of Flora itself, bringing us the treasures from foreign worlds...
A 250 year anniversary was celebrated August this year for his last home, Mon Repos in Vyborg, Carelia. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XObJTHO3yhs
Why 250 years?
Well, that's another puzzle for our historian friends to solve, isn't it?
*http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Battle_of_Kunersdorf Look also for the role of a "chevalier de Nicolai" in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Minden : De Nicolai "should have joined the right wing, where Broglio commanded, before eight o'clock, but was too late in arriving ; and when Broglio commanded him immediately to attack, he said that they must still wait for the marquis de Beaupreau. This was too late for Contades"
**See Reverend Baron Claude Denis Cochin(?), associate of Buffon and Rousseau, (post 144 of http://www.online-literature.com/for...=15023&page=10) collecting the West Indies flora specimens himself, at Fort Duquesne, at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers ....towards the end of 1755 !
***http://enc.tfode.com/Nikolaus_von_Jacquin
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To continue on "Nicolay:
A rare book linking "our" Frederick Nicolay to Handel's librettist Paolo Rolli....
Il Decameron Di Messer Giovanni Boccaccio
London-Thomas Edlin, 1725. Very Good Book A scarce edition of this famous and important work with an interesting provenance. Bound in leather with gilt lettering and decoration. This edition of TheDecameron is a direct reprint of the 1527 edition, including the frontispiece and title page, with additional editorial matter. Includes two engraved plates, the frontispiece by Baron after Grisoni and a portrait of Boccaccio engraved by Auber. With the ink signature of Frederick Nicolay to the 1527 title page. With the dedication by Paolo Rolli. The three-pagelist of subscribers includes numerous eminent names. Paolo Antonio Rolli, 1687-1765, was an Italian librettist and poet. He was trained by Gian Vincenzo Gravina, and worked in London from 1715-44. He wrote librettos for numerous Italian operas, and worked frequently with composer Giovanni Bononcini. In addition to his work as a libretist, Rolli wrote poetry, cantata texts, satires and translations. Rolli published an Italian verse translation of Milton's Paradise Lost, widely considered the finest in any language. Frederick de Nicolay was born in Saxe-Gotha and died 16 May 1809 at St James Palace, London. Frederick was introduced to King George III, with whom he became a very great favourite, andremained ever after the confidential friend of both their Majesties, as well as of their family. He lived in St. James's Palace. Nicolay became Chief Clerk to the British Treasury. Condition: The binding is tight and firm. The front board is missing, and the rear board and free-endpaper are detached. There is wear to the extremities, including rubbing and discoloured marks, with loss to the spine, including the spine label. Internally however the pagesare brightwith only some intermittent light background spots, becoming prominent to the first few pages only as to be expected. The front free-endpaper has a very small section missing to the top corner. Overall the condition is fair but with a very good interior and would make a very good copy once rebound. Priced to allow for the excellent binding it deserves.
[Bookseller: Alibris]
...has already been commented in an adjacent thread as...
Obviously a Saxegothan with strong links to pre 1725 Florence!
A search was then initiated on "Paolo Rolli" which produced his lost portrait....
http://www.operatoday.com/content/20...portrait_o.php
...bearing enough similarity to our own previous "Gerhard van Swieten" and his multiple identity revelation (same man as Ant.Cocchi/Handel/Bach/Cl.Amyand)...
http://neuroactivity.org/neurology/cluster-headache/
...to cure, not just our, but every musicologist's migraine once and for all!
Explanation:
"Paolo Rolli" was one more penname of Dr Antonio Cocchi (aka Dr Claudius Amyand, Dr Gerhard van Swieten, G.FHandel, J.S.Bach).
"Frederick de Nicolay" aka Claudius Amyand jr (and/or George Amyand) aka Gioachino Cocchi etc etc aka baron Nikolaus Joseph de Jacquin, aka "Le comte de Saint Germain", was his son.
Moreover, "Frederick de Nicolay" had a lot in common with Immanuel Kant as we'll see in next!
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Still more poetry
Following his 1794 expulsion from Modena (under The Holy Roman Empire) and his subsequent nine month imprisonment at Innsbruck and trial in Vienna, Sir Levet Hanson sought refuge in various german courts, to settle 1797-1807 in Erlangen/Sachsen Gotha to then move to Stockholm and next to Copenhagen, 1811, where he died in 1814. A close friend and associate of Lord Nelson, he is mostly known today for his “Accurate Historical Account of all the Orders of Knighthood at present existing in Europe”, Hamburg/London 1803, dedicated to Nelson.
His less known “Miscellaneous compositions in verse”, Copenhagen, 1811, provides the required evidence to this post’s title however!
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A “Frederick Baron de Nicolay”-listed among his subscribers for both works- is described as “late Secretary of Legation to the Russian Diplomatic Mission Resident to the Court of London” , the word “late” used because, later on in this last book, we learn that this same Baron de Nicolay, in some next academic capacity, was leaving the University of Erlangen, on the Easter Eve of 1796, and his followers, students or otherwise, dedicated some verse to his honour on his album or “stem-buch”, so good and revealing that Sir Levett took then the trouble to translate them for his readers, us included.
A most touching poem, by a Baron de Schraeder, bears the Title “To Piso” (“an artless Muse”, as Schraeder writes ) and tells us that Baron Nicolay is set and ready for.....
“far distant states/and over Moscovia’s coast shall stray”
.....schraeding to pieces, with Levet's assistance, the whole Babylon Tower or pile of grove-ling garbage of current encyclopedic Nikolai myths and Nicolay creative biography tales:
Among the various “Nicolay(i)s” online biographies etcs, you see, NONE wants any of their subjects teaching at Erlangen in any capacity, OR leaving for “Moscovia” on the above or any other date, OR linking in such clarity the London Nicolays (royal pages, musicians) to their German or French or Russian Nicolai counterparts, BECAUSE, among other more important revelations, the poem's title and the specific verse tells us that Immanuel Kant, Baron Frederick de Nicolay and Jean Jacques Rousseau were one and the same person.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Nicolai
http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/ar...19-209-01.html
http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Hanson,_Levett_(DNB00)
Johann Georg Nicolai (1720–1788): Nicolai, Johann Georg (Organist; Komponist; 1720 bis 1788) –No content
Karl Heinrich Nicolai (1739–1823): Nicolai, Karl Heinrich (evangelischer Prediger; Schriftsteller; Schulmann; Naturforscher; 1739 bis 1823) –No content
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolay_(family)
http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelpres...icnicolay.html
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The poem's title, "To Piso", and the specific verse:
Piso never was a muse! Schraeder, in his farewell ode to Frederick de Nicolay in 1796, is certainly referring to Gaius Calpurnius Piso, the Roman senator who inherited from his father (never identified) connection with many distinguished families, and from his mother great wealth...... sang on the tragic stage, wrote poetry, played an expert game of draughts.... was good-looking, affable, and an excellent orator and advocate in the courts. Despite these facts Piso's overall integrity was questionable.... and in 65 A.D. led a secret initiative to replace Emperor Nero that became known as the Pisonian Conspiracy. Piso leveraged senatorial anger with Emperor Nero to gain power... ...all attributes fully descriptive of “our hero”, as readers of Yanni’s posts are aware by now.
Schraeder in other words is eloquently critisiziing (“not an artfull muse”, he writes) his former professor whose participation in the 1792 events in Paris is known to him. His verse is really a “good ridance” wish in disguise: Baron de Nicolay HAD to leave Erlangen in a hurry, Easter of 1796, destination Russia, Schraeder blows the whistle on him and so does Levet, 15 years later in 1811, failing at the same time to absolve the Royal House of England from their involvement not just in the 1792 events in Paris but also from later events that followed their "trusted top page/musician's" summer 1796 Moscovia mission:
The death, propably, of Tzarina Catherine II (17 November [O.S. 6 November] 1796) and the two attempts against the life of her successor, Tzar Paul I, in 1800 and 1801,the second succeeding (+March, 1801).
As for "Immanuel Kant"*:
Mid-semester 1796 he ended his lectures at Koenigsberg University and left the city, destination and reasons unknown. His researchers are in disagreement as to the exact date of his departure:
Kant’s Retirement from Teaching: The amount of disagreement as to when Kant actually stopped teaching is quite remarkable.[1] It appears that his last day of teaching was July 23, 1796[2] — but even if this date is correct, it is not unproblematic. Arnoldt lists the beginning- and end-dates of Kant’s logic lectures for SS 1796 as April 11 (Monday) and July 23 (Saturday); the beginning-date is what one would expect: Easter fell on March 27 that year, the new rector would have been elected the following Sunday (April 3), and classes would have begun eight days after the election. But logic meets on a Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday schedule, so it is unclear why Kant would have met for the last time on a Saturday. Repetitoria always met on Saturday, but Kant is not listed as having offered one this semester — and in any event, they are given their own beginning and end-dates, and treated as a separate course offering. His physical geography course met on Wednesday and Saturday as usual, and is listed as beginning and ending on Wednesday: April 13 and July 13 [Arnoldt 1908-9, iv.431, v.327]. In any event, Kant stopped in mid-semester, possibly at the beginning of the mid-semester break (the so-called “Dog Days” vacation). He had also ended his lectures somewhat early the previous several semesters.
[1] Borowski reported that Kant “gave his public lectures until 1797, but had already given up the private lectures in 1793.” Jachmann reported that “he limited his teaching in J. 1794” given his growing weakness from old age. Rink reported that he stopped lecturing in the middle of 1795. Hasse reported that he hadn’t held any lectures since 1793. Schubert reported that he gave up his private lectures in WS 1795/96, and continued to teach only his public courses (logic and metaphysics), quitting these at the end of the SS 1797. Having described taking Kant’s lectures during WS 1793/94, Reusch wrote: “Kant only read for another semester, suspended his lectures, gradually also his walks” [repr. in Malter 1990, 401]. See Arnoldt’s discussion [1908-9, v.328-31].
[2] This dating depends on two sources: (1) an undated letter to Fichte, that Arthur Warda has been able to assign the date 13 October 1797, in which Kant wrote that the weakness accompanying his old age “forced him to give up lecturing one and one-half years ago” — which places the end-date around April 1796, and (2) university records that show Kant ending his physical geography lectures for SS 1796 on July 13, and his logic lectures on July 23. See Warda [1901, 88]..
Koenigsberg (Kaliningrad today) was ofcourse the best and safest way to reach Saint Petersburg travelling from Erlangen in 1796!
*Kant was offered, 23 November 1769, a newly created logic and metaphysics teaching post at Erlangen which he allegedly declined a month later.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaius_Calpurnius_Piso
http://www.manchester.edu/kant/profe...tm#erlangens):
http://www.manchester.edu/kant/profe...sKantsRise.htm
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Applied philosophy
Having long concluded already http://www.online-literature.com/for...t=35779&page=3, that this story’s multifaced hero, as Stroganov-Saltycov-Rumyantzev-Saint Germain, was behind the “removal” of Peter III in 1762, the enthronement of Catherine II and the death of his own son, Paul I, in 1801, a simple affirmation that, by all indications, Catherine was also assassinated in November 1796, might seem biased somehow, the more so after the recent addition to the list of Saint Germain’s other aliases (that already includes JJRousseau and FMGrimm) of Immanuel Kant, founder of transcendental philosophy or “Kantianism”.
The barrier into Kant’s "transcendent" must therefore be lifted and relative research must look “beyond what our faculty of knowledge can legitimately know” to present some at least from many available indications leading to this last conclusion.
Furthermore, having in previous included the Royal House of England among the suspects, the somewhat oldfashioned principle of objectivity must be observed before passing final judgement as, again by all indications, they* do not seem to be the “master-mind” of this machiavellian 18th century plot that shaped our western world eversince, the ugly, covert part of diplomacy left in the competent hands of William Pitt jr (+1806), conspicuous as an incomparable manager of men and finances; so too, as a man who would resort to harsh measures and his bankers/spies/executors, Messrs “Amyand & Illuminated Associates” on who the finger must really be pointed for masterminding and personaly taking part in the ascend into a better world of Catherine II as well!
Let us therefore return to our timeline to see what gives:
Eastern Eve 1796 Baron Frederick de Nicolay leaves Erlangen for Moscovia and, around July 1796, Immanuel Kant also interrupts his teaching post and leaves Koenigsberg with no apparent reason.
25th August 1796 count Alexander Sergeievich Stroganov, then Grand Chamberlain of the Imperial Court (1796), is host to Catherine and Gustavus IX of Sweden in his Dacha on the Neva. ( http://www.taleon.ru/taleonclub_ru/P...7/98-110-0.pdf)
7 November [O.S. 6 November] 1796,Catherine II dies of undefined causes with yet another Soltykoff, General Nikolai Ivanovich Soltykoff (1736 - 1816), new to this thread, bypassing the imperial chamberlain(!!), to take charge of things in the royal chambers and see her last. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexei_...evich_Saltykov **
Upon the accession of Catherine's son, Paul I, in 1796, Dashkova and all of Catherine's favorites and supporters were exiled to a small village outside Novgorod. (For Grimm’s factotum, Dashkova, and her “Ivan Saltycov” who “didn’t know a thing about music”etc see post 28 of http://www.online-literature.com/for...t=35779&page=2)
We are not sure if Paul I did expell a "Nicolai" along the rest of “Catherine favorites” in 1796/1797 however:
"A" "Ferdinand Friedrich von Nicolai", Prussia’s general as from 1786 etc etc, was only send 1801 (to 1803), ie after Paul's own assasination, to the court of Saint Petersberg to be next appointed Prussia’s State and War Minister to then retire, February 1806, and die, 14. May 1814, in Ludwigsburg. "Allegedly"! http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/ar...23-579-01.html
Having already outlined the problematic existence of the clusters (or variations, to honour Handel/Bach) of Nicolays, Rumyantzevs and Saltykovs in this thread and others, I’ll spare myself the pain to repeat it and focus next posts on Kant’s “presences" from 1796 onwards, on Friedrich von Nicolai the Berlin/Leipzig publisher, on some of Rousseau's "alter egos", stll alive post 1796, and finally on Catherine’s doctors, Dimsdale/Amyand/Cocchi among others.
*Britain was heavily indebted at the time and "bankers" were in control of London and other major capitals. Levet, in 1811, spilled the beans on the royal page "de Nicolay" following King George's last serious health crisis and the appointment of the Regent in 1810. Levet's action is undoubtably related to the rivalry between Lord Castlereigh and George Canning (their duel Sept 1809 followed by Canning publishing his version of the story six months later) running in parallel to the one between the Regent and his father.
** For Alexei Dim. Saltycov, the Indian of Leroux's "Phantom of the Opera", see http://www.online-literature.com/for...threadid=40910
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Kant's 1796 and later "presences" ie evidence of his whereabouts.
Kant's biographies, in general, large as they are on his opus, fall rather short on life details, depicting a lifelong bachelor philosophe, a hermit who spend all his life teaching at Koenigsberg...until he quits his post, midsemester 1796 as per previous, to then publish:
1796 [Soemmerring], 1797 [Metaphysics of Moral], 1798 [Conflict of the Faculties], 1798 [Anthropology], 1798 [Making Books], 1803 [On Education] and an Opus postumum in 1804....
....all by a “promising”* (Matthias) Friedrich Nicolovius (1768-1836)...born in Königsberg, where he attended the Collegium Fridericianum and then the university (matriculation: 1 Oct 1784) etc who started his publishing business in 1790 with Kant’s works** mainly.
Inbetween these works Kant finds it of importance to disassociate himself*** from the Berlin publisher Nicolai (his alter ego, imo) with On Turning Out Books. Two Letters to Mr. Friedrich Nicolai from Immanuel Kant.”( Königsberg: Friedrich Nicolovius, 1798).
Nicolai, conveniently described today as...
-Kant’s target in these open letters is Christoph Friedrich Nicolai (1733-1811), a successful Berlin author and book publisher, friend of Lessing and Mendelssohn, a man of empiricist tastes and a “popular” philosopher, who founded the Allgemeine deutsche Bibliothek in 1765 and served as its editor for forty years
....and in the past as...
-(Goethe): PROKTOPHANTASMIST: A German coinage meaning "Rump-ghostler"--the Greek: proktos, "anus" + phantasma, "phantom"; the last syllable is also homophonous with the German word for dung (mist). The character caricatures Friedrich Nicolai (1773-1811), who opposed modern movements in German thought and literature and had parodied Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther ( I 774)****.
Needles perhaps to note that Goethe's proktophantasmist is nowhere to be found post 1796 as well! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christo...edrich_Nicolai
Finally: If Rousseau had Mme d’Epinay to assist him in his Confessions, if Le Comte de Saint Germain had von Gleichen, if Gluck had Grimm and Grimm had Dashkova etc etc, all verifying separate identities and existence of the same man, so did Kant: Very busy after 1800, he employed Yachmann: Jachmann’s biography of Kant (1804) was begun in 1800 or earlier at Kant’s request, and for which he solicited Kant’s written help with a list of 56 questions, although Kant was unable to answer them for lack of strength
Conclusion: There is no availbale evidence online that Kant resided permanently -or at all-in Kaliningrad, post 1796. He ordered and edited his own biography but was "unable" to supply author Yachmann with details.
*Matthias Friedrich, allegedly...had a twin brother, Balthasar, and an older brother Georg Heinrich Ludwig (1767-1839), who worked in the Prussian ministry for church and educational affairs in Prussia. Their father was the Hofrat Matthias Balthasar Nicolovius (1717-1778), a friend of Kant’s. [Jachmann 1912, 151] : Propably his son, our hero maintaining his monumental cheekiness all along!
**He also published works by J. G. Hamann, and Kotzebue, among others, both related to “Saint Germain”.
***The tryck also used for and by other aliases of “him”.
****Goethe coined his prokto term post 1800 ('The complete works of Sir Walter Scott: with a biography", Vol I by Sir Walter Scott): He was propably among the audience of Nicolai, who cooly read his account of his own phantastic illness, attributing it to events of early 1791, that resulted to his phantom seeing later on. Goethe certainly regretted the term soon after (Feb 1810 when Von Gleichen is in Leipzig with Goethe and (later Dresden’s Russian governor) Repnin), his Faust only completed much later, when he knew- and still could live with- the whole hi-story!
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The publisher Christoph Friedrich Nicolai and his whereabouts 1796 and later.
That’s how the title should really read but, convinced already- thru parallel research-that Immanuel Kant, J.J. Rousseau, the royal page/professor Frederick de Nicolay and the publisher/author Friedrich Nicolai were some of the many aliases of the same person, my hero, the initiative was taken to check him out a little more, including earlier dates, and was accordingly rewarded.
Starting with Wikipedia: Their brief article on Friedrich*, does him injustice, his “nothing like Kant” halfidiotic description accompanied by a fitting portrait. Nevertheless there is no reference therein on any post 1796 activity. Furthermore the article’s author does provide us with a very usefull Nicolai's Bildniss und Selbsbiographie was published by Moses Samuel Löwe in the Bildnisse jetzt lebender Berliner Gelehrter, in 1806 ie Nicolai had his own biography written, just like Kant, by an unknown(link returns empty) “ Moses Samuel Loewe”.
Further research then resulted to more finds, summarised below:.
-In 1760 Nicolai was married to Elisabeth Macaria Schaarschmidt († 1793), daughter of the King‘s doctor Prof. Samuel Schaarschmidt (of unknown biography), and had eight children who all died before him
- as from 1792 he had to move publishing his Allgemeine Deutsche Bibliothek( ended 1796) from Berlin to Kiel because of the oppressive censorship in Berlin and, quite rationally for a halfidiot, opposed at the time Lavater’s “devil” http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=8087.
- Of Nicolai's independent works, perhaps the only one which has some historical value is his Anekdoten von Friedrich II (1788-1792). His romances are forgotten, although Das Leben und die Meinungen des Herrn Magister Sebaldus Nothanker (1773-1776), and his satire on Goethe's Werther, Freuden des jungen Werthers (1775), had a certain reputation in their day....between 1788 and 1796, Nicolai published in twelve volumes a Beschreibung einer Reise durch Deutschland und die Schweiz, which bears witness to the narrow conservatism of his views in later life.
(To orient the reader, chronologicaly: Robespierre was arrested on the 27th of July 1794 along with other Jacobin leader and was guillotined without trial. The directors dissolved the Paris Commune on the 26th of October 1795.)
-A Nicolai son worked for his father 1789-1795 and there also was a sister, Wilhelmime, residing in Leipsig. (Pamela Eve Selwyn)
-Nicolai writes a letter to his daughter Wilhelmine, 23 April 1796, Leipzig (P.E.Swelyn's book includes many letters to Nicolay but few from him)
- When the monthly Berlinische Monatsschrift (where Kant had nearly all his essays published) came to its definite end in 1796** ( they also moved to Jena in 1792 to avoid the Berlin censorship) his son, Carl August Nicolai, hosted one of the Ber.Mon. publishers, Johann Erich Biester, in his next “Berlinische Blätter” quarterly (July 97 to April 98) where Kant published yet another essay. http://www.manchester.edu/kant/helps/PeriodFrames.html
-Friedrich Nicolay authored “Immanuel Kant's Kennzeichen der Philosophie oder Weischeitsliebe im reinsten Sinne des Worts”, Frankfurt und Leipzig(?), 1796 (A few pages only. He is taking his distances from Kant in panic!), “NEUN GESPRAECHE ZWISCHEN CHRISTIAN WOLFF UND EINEM KANTIANER ueber Kants metaphysische Anfangsgrunde der Rechtslehre und der Tugendlehre”, Berlin/Stettin, 1798, “UEBER MEINE KENNTNISS DER KRITISCHEN PHILOSOPHIE und meine Schriften dieselbe betreffend, und ueber die Herren Kant, J.B. Erhard, und Fichte. Eine Beylage zu den neun Gespraechen zwischen Christian Wolf und einem Kantianer” Berlin/Stettin, 1799
-Nicolai did create and confirm his own idiocy thru his "An Account of the Apparition of Several Phantoms." The German Museum (1800), before his final
-PHILOSOPHISCHE ABHANDLUNGEN Berlin/Stettin, 1808
...all quite interesting-proving more or less that the author/philosophe/publisher left Berlin earlier than 1796, having done his best until then to associate himself with Kant and to then reverse course with a 180, never lost his ironclad humor etc-but not quite what we were looking for. This came when, looking for Nicolai and his friends in the Manchester site, another periodical appeared where Kant also published his essay 'Teleological Principles' in 1788:"Teutsche Merkur”, Publisher: Christoph Martin Wieland [bio], Weimar (Carl Ludolf Hoffmanns Verlag). Dates of Publication: Feb. 1773-1789.
Opening Wieland’s previous “[bio]” one learns that Kant not only spoke and thought like Wieland in 1795 but looked like him too: Purgstall had seen and associated with "both men" and with Goethe as well. Goethe on the other hand avoids mentioning Purgstall’s comment*** but does inform us that Wieland was in Kiel, December 1796. As for Kant himself: He sought to have his portraits****, pre 1796, “made up”.
Here is relative quote from Wielands 'bio' on Kant/Wieland:
1786 (Dec 7): Member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences.Born (Sep 5) in Bieberach, died (Jan 20) in Weimar. A poet, classicist, and man of letters. His teaching career at Erfurt was brief. Closely associated with the court at Weimar. Founded and edited the important journal of literature, Der Teutsche Merkur (Frankfurt and Leipzig, 1773-1789). Published the first German translations of many of Shakespeare’s plays (1762-6). When Purgstall visited Kant in 1795, he thought Kant resembled Wieland: “You will be amazed who I think Kant resembles; in his wide-ranging speech, in his long parenthetical remarks, sometimes even in his language — with — the crazy Wieland!”[1] Kant and Wieland were inducted into the Berlin Academy of Sciences on the same day. [Letters: 73, 73A, 74, ++++] [Sources: ADB]
Which proves our point all along that Kant and Wieland and therefore Rousseau(see The puzzle of Beethoven's Kochs! - Page 9) and Nicolai/de Nicolay were the same person and, after the death of Catherine II*****, “they all” returned to Kiel, an ideal harbour to return home by ship from Saint Petersberg if Koenigsberg has to be avoided.
* based on: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (Eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press.
** On the last page of the December 1796 issue is an “Abschied von den Lesern” written by J. E. Biester, indicating that this was to be the last issue, noting that the journal had begun in January 1783, thus completing 28 volumes [with 2 vols per year].
***Begegnungen und Gespräche: 1793-1799 by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
****The Life of Immanuel Kant J. H. Stuckenberg
*****Catherine initiated censorship of authors, publishers, printers, and booksellers, September 1796. She had banned all freemason lodges in 1792, their leader, "a" Shakespearean Nicolai Novikov-looking a lot like a younger, properly russianised Wieland-jailed later on, etc etc, allegedly!!
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More on Kant/Nicolay(i)/Sinterklaas* and his “applied trancendentalism” practices.
Further to the realisation that “all indications” point to Tzarina Catherine’s assassination November 1796, a previous murder, that of Gustav III of Sweden, was examined:
October 1791 Gustav concluded an eight years' defensive alliance with the empress, who thereby bound herself to pay her new ally an annual subsidy of 300,000 roubles.Gustav now aimed at forming a league of princes against the Jacobins, and subordinated every other consideration to this goal. His profound knowledge of popular assemblies enabled him, alone among contemporary sovereigns, accurately to gauge from the first the scope and bearing of the French Revolution.
The Treaty of Yassy, a pact between Russia and the Ottoman Empire confirming Russia domination in the Black Sea was signed January 9th, 1792
Gustav III was lethaly wounded during a masquerade ball at the Royal Opera in Stockholm, March 16, 1792*.
For this last “tentative mission”, all important aliases of Le comte de Saint Germain/G.Cocchi&Co were then checked through and here are the results :
- Joseph Haydn, end of November 1791, visited Cambridge to appear again 14th June 1792 in Windsor Castle and Ascot for the races, to the return to Vienna.
- F.M.Grimm,, the last foreigner to leave Paris, February 1792, was last seen in Coblenz soon after.
- P.M.Hennin was decommissioned from the French Foreign Office March 1792 .
- Gottfried Van Swieten On 2 January 1793, he sponsored in Vienna a performance of Mozart's Requiem as a benefit concert for Constanze; He was also reported to have helped arrange for the education of Mozart's son Karl in Prague....but it's very unlikely he ever returned to Vienna after late 1791-early 1792 http://www.mozartforum.com/Contempor...en_Contemp.htm
- For Kant/de Nicolay/Nicolai see previous.
- There are no alibi providing data on record online for re period on Von Gleichen, Christoph Martin Wieland, George Amyand Cornwall, Alexander Ser. Stroganov either.
Same for November 1796 for all the above.
*With regard to Gustav's murder, "Nicolai Novikov", at the time allegedly held without formal trial and imprisonment in the Shlisselburg Fortress on the Neva, has a further rock- solid alibi in his defense however: His friend Dashkova....In a letter dated July 1792, Dashkova went to the defense of Novikov and appealed to the commander-in-chief of Moscow, A. A. Prozorovskii.45 http://findarticles.com/p/articles/m...g=content;col1.
(continued)
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Claus.
