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1540
Henry VIII of England marries Anne of Cleves.
Henry VIII of England divorces Anne of Cleves
Henry VIII of England marries Katherine Howard
Elizabeth Blount, mistress of Henry VIII of England, dies
Thomas Cromwell, chief minister to Henry VIII of England executed.
1539
John III, Duke of Cleves dies
George, Duke of Saxony dies
Outbreak of the plague estimated to have begun during this year.
1538
Michelangelo starts work on the Piazza del Campidoglio
1537
Instruction in Faith - John Calvin - published
1536 - January 7
Death of Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England
1535
- Henry VII has, quite possibly, his biggest ego trip as he announces himself head of the Church of England, and executes two future saints.
- Lima, Peru founded by Francisco Pizzaro
- Construction begins on Belvedere, Queen Anne's summer palace at Prague Castle
1534
The English Parliament passes the Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII head of the English church - a role formerly held by the Pope.
1533 - January 25
Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn
1532
Pizarro captures the Incan emperor Atahualpa.
1531 - Halley's Comet appears
1530 - St. Felix's Flood destroys the city of Reimerswaal in the Netherlands.
1529 - Death of La Malinche
1528 - Death of Albrecht Durer
1527 - Birth of Hermann Finck, German composer and music theorist
1526
The Transit of Venus occurs, the last one before optical filters allowed astronomers to observe them.