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Lokasenna
05-08-2013, 05:21 PM
I'm creating a special thread for this, as opposed to sticking it in my personal poetry thread. I've wanted to do a poetic cycle on a theme for a while, and this is the culmination of that desire; five personal and interlinked meditations on the theme of endings.

The World Unmade: Five Prose Poems


1. Prologue. To Catch the Sky
I set off, by car, on my habitual journey, from Llandudno to Durham, on a March morning, bright and cold. It is a drive I do often, between my family home and my university home, and I have long since grown bored with it.
I had been delayed somewhat by a traffic accident not a hundred yards from my front gate, losing an hour I could afford to discard but did not want to. I listened to old tunes on the old radio, and willed the hours and the miles to pass.
The weather was clear, even temperate; I drove beneath the impossibility of the sky, cloudless and vast, distant and heartfelt. As I climbed into the Pennines along the M62 the weather closed in, a subtle suddenness. Rain and snow mingled, a wetness, and I was driving mere feet below the leaden clouds. Fearing the worsening of the weather, I pulled off the motorway into a lay-by, and sought to test the air and work my legs by entering into the world from the shelter of my car.
I became conscious of shapes in the field beside me, an impression of people obscured by the falling snow and rain. Compelled by something I cannot name, I left the road to tread uneasily and clumsily through the mud towards them. A great multitude, men and women, stood in silence, unmoved by the weather.
"Who are you?" I asked.
One replied. "We are the poets, and the painters, and the music makers."
"What are you doing here?" I asked.
Another replied. "The world is ending, and we come to mourn it, to witness and to wake."
I did not believe them. They were glum, and serious, and impossibly distant. But am I not a poet? Have I not, by artistic impulse alone, moved to sorrow, to delight? As a poet, I claimed my place.
"May I join you? I am a poet," I said.
There was a sensation of movement, the passage of but a moment, as if all the material universe let slip a sigh. The figures remained unutterably still.
A third spoke. "No."
I had not earned my place amongst them, and there would be no reconsideration. I returned, cold and saturated, to my car and began to drive. And the radio talked of commerce, of sand, of champagne, and I knew the world had ended.


II. Remembrance. The Land Beyond the Sea
I remember clearly the morning I first saw the land beyond the sea.
For all the ages of man before that dawn, the sea had stretched out plain and unadorned to the uncaring horizon. As the sun rose, I saw a land there, a land where once there had been nothing. Forests and woods gave way to sheer mountainsides that rose to snow capped peaks, bedecked in regal clouds and shining in the early sunlight. Distance is deceptive on the sea, but we are a fishing folk, and not a man or woman in the village reckoned the land to be more than a dozen miles away. An intrepid few, the first, climbed into their skiffs and sailed for the land beyond the sea. We waited for them to return, but they did not, and the day wore on to evening, and the evening into night. In the morning, the land beyond the sea was still there, still the same, but our folk had not returned to us, nor ever would.
And men began to whisper, dark words and dark thoughts. They said that the land beyond the sea was cursed, that it boded evil, and they averted their eyes that they might not have to look upon it. Yet the land beyond the sea filled the entirety of their horizon, the entirety of their world, and thus their world became one of fear and pain: no man can fish if he cannot look upon the sea.
Day by day and year by year the folk lived, forever in the sight of the land beyond the sea, living only to fear. Then some began to say that it was wrong to be afeared of the land beyond the sea, that it was a paradise over the waves, and that the sons and husbands, daughters and wives who had gone hence had found their every pleasure met. And many of the folk, long oppressed by their fear of the land beyond the sea, whooped with joy and raced to the shoreline, launching their skiffs to sail across the intervening water that they might be reunited with their loved ones in this earthly paradise.
The days passed, and they did not return. Those who had spoken of the delights of the land beyond the sea were gone, as were those who had most fearfully spoken of their dread of the land beyond the sea. Those of us that remained held council, to talk of the land beyond the sea. One of the elders spoke of the land beyond the sea, and of the danger it posed to us all, for had it not already taken so many of our kin? Other spoke in agreement, saying that the land beyond the sea was an enemy, that it would move against us, that it must be dealt with. I was silent.
War was declared, war upon the land beyond the sea. The soldiers who had lately been fishermen rushed to their skiffs, brandishing their harpoons and singing their new battle cries. They would make war upon the land beyond the sea, and free their kin from the bondage of paradise.
I, who alone remained, have never again looked upon my people since then.


III. Glass. Beneath a Frail Faith
As I stood at a crossroad, awaiting friends, an old man approached me and spoke.
"So if you pass along this route of my existence, and tread the darkened cloisters of this little world, following the path of heart and grave until on bended knee you kneel before the slow, dissolving firmament, then there, stripped of reason and meaning, you will feel your humanity shudder within you, and quail before the terrible noise that lurks in the heart of silence."


IV. Pulchritude. The Whirling Wheel
The lights grow dim, the prattling chatter fades as the auditorium descends into an expectant, pregnant hush.
She appears on stage, radiant and beautiful under the spotlights. Her hair is the colour of blood, her eyes the reflection of my desire, her skin the soft blush of promise. She wears nothing but a simple shift of white silk, that runs like liquid, like milk, down the contours of her body. She is barefoot upon the stage, the whole material universe beneath her sole.
It is not about lust, you understand. Nothing so degenerate, so developed; it is a sensation older and more primitive than lust. A hand, a mouth, a welcoming c**t will see to the needs of the body. This, to me and to the audience, is to satisfy a spiritual need.
She speaks:
"To know me is to understand a feeling, and to feel an understanding. I am me, I am Freyja, I am Ēostre, I am Fortune, I am Mother Church, and I am. Men have genuflected before the b***h-goddess since before they understood themselves, holding their manhoods in their hands and praising me with every joyous stroke. And they have clicked their rosaries, and hailed my virginity in their sacred spaces. Image upon image, light upon light, they are the same. I will show you the gateway. I will show you the consolation of loss, the perfect imperfection. I will show you the two-way passage of life. I will show you the beginning and the end of existence."
She lifts her shift. Between the fullness of her thighs I see the centre of the world, the image of my god.


V. Impermanence. The Maggots in God's Flesh
The human condition is one of eschatological anticipation. We look forward, but in looking to the future we seek only for the end of things, the days on which we shall run out of oil, of trees, of air, of light.
What if creativity be a finite resource? The thought occurred unexpectedly to me but a few days ago, and I wondered whether it was insight or heresy. What if all creativity be but one invisible whole, slowly chipped away by every word of poetry, every note of music, every subtle brushstroke? Have I, in some way, used up this precious stock, even in the production of these very words?
I am the artist thwarted by my art. Not a great poet, perhaps not even a good one, and yet, selfish, I draw upon the limited impulses of my species, a tiny king staking out his fiefdom of dreams and mediocre ambitions. It is a self-reflexive impulse: to question art in the form of art, a process of auto-cannibalisation that word by word and thought by thought creeps ever closer to an ending.
Because it will end. We are like the maggots in God's flesh, feasting upon that which both sustains and houses us, tearing at the heart of it. We artists, we canter gaily down the route of our destruction, hastening our slow deaths with every passing heartbeat. When the stock of ideas are spent, and humanity languishes in the faded temples of its former self, we will know only the certainty of ending, we who in looking forward see only into nothing.

hannah_arendt
05-09-2013, 04:08 AM
I liked a lot following fragments:

"And the radio talked of commerce, of sand, of champagne, and I knew the world had ended"

"So if you pass along this route of my existence, and tread the darkened cloisters of this little world, following the path of heart and grave until on bended knee you kneel before the slow, dissolving firmament, then there, stripped of reason and meaning, you will feel your humanity shudder within you, and quail before the terrible noise that lurks in the heart of silence."

I am the artist thwarted by my art. Not a great poet, perhaps not even a good one, and yet, selfish, I draw upon the limited impulses of my species, a tiny king staking out his fiefdom of dreams and mediocre ambitions. It is a self-reflexive impulse: to question art in the form of art, a process of auto-cannibalisation that word by word and thought by thought creeps ever closer to an ending."


Congratulations. I hope that you`ll publish it:)

How was your trip with your friends to Wales?

Lokasenna
05-09-2013, 06:07 AM
Thank you Hannah, I am very pleased that you enjoyed it. I'm not sure it's of publishable quality, but I had been toying with the idea of submitting it to the same local magazine that recently published one of my poems.

I had a lovely trip to Wales, thank you for asking. Glorious weather, and lots of castles and mountain climbing!

hannah_arendt
05-09-2013, 06:15 AM
You are welcome:) Maybe you should work on it a little more but the framework is good.

My husband visited once Wales. I hope to go there one day:) This year we go to Austria. I am very happy because of it because I`ve always wanted to go there.

Hawkman
05-09-2013, 06:57 AM
There is some very atmospheric writing here, Loki, and it's very rhythmic prose. I might make some observations though, if I may.

1. Prologue. To Catch the Sky

For me this didn't really 'grab' until: "I drove beneath..." although the "impossibility of the sky" grated rather. I'd heartily recommend dropping 'impossibility'. there is nothing impossible about the sky. I see it every day. Everything before this paragraph is kind of expendable. What comes after is gripping though.

II. Remembrance. The Land Beyond the Sea

I think this is the weakest of the three. An excess of repetition of, "the land beyond the sea," becomes a little grating after a while and I'm not sure about the pathetic fallacy of an, "uncaring horizon." I also have reservations about archaisms, like "afeared." It doesn't quite fit with the idiom of the rest of the text.

The last line really isn't working for me: "I, who alone remained, have never again looked upon my people since then." It feels a bit clumsy and over written. If expressed more concisely I feel it would have more impact.

III. Glass. Beneath a Frail Faith

This is by far the most effective of the texts. The only thing I would query is "...of my existence," which comes over as a bit pretentious.

IV. Pulchritude. The Whirling Wheel

There are too many adjectives and descriptors in this one. e.g. pregnant and expectant, "white silk, that runs like liquid, like milk ," You don't really need "like liquid", 'like milk' is quite enough and you don't get the break in the flow of the line.

"I am me, I am Freyja, I am Ēostre, I am Fortune, I am Mother Church, and I am." again feels over-written. I'd be inclined to put it like this:

"I am Freyja, I am Ēostre, I am Mother Church, and I am me."

V. Impermanence. The Maggots in God's Flesh

This is also a strong piece. However, I'm afraid I keep hearing Blackadder saying, "Yes it is, not, 'that it be!'"

again, the archaism is grating, but I really love the idea behind the poem, in fact the whole series. The whole comes over as a sort of mixture of biblical and saga, and for me at least, is very enjoyable to read, save for my listed reservations.

It's always a pleasure to read your work Loki.

Live and be well - H

hillwalker
05-09-2013, 11:34 AM
I took my time with this since there's a lot to take in.

The first piece and the rather banal setting - the A55 up to its usual tricks presumably - works up to a point. It identifies the narrator and his need to use nostalgia to escape the humdrum.
Obviously it's difficult to comment on the reliability of these memories - the 'subtle suddenness' and the 'wetness'. Would one really get out of the car to stretch ones legs in such conditions? But it's a metaphorical situation - abandoning the 'shelter' of the car to seek art in 'the world'.
I got the impression that this was someone with pretentions towards being an artist forsaking his youth in order to achieve a desired status - but being rejected by those who have already attained it. Not so much the end of the world but the end of the narrator's dreams.

The second piece begins as a personal observation that might have led somewhere - but the introduction of fishing folk and the village changed the tone. It reads as a rather flimsy history of one particular group of people. I agree with Hawk about the monotonous repetitiveness of this - intentional, one assumes, but unwelcome. And the closing line is indeed a stinker.

The third - I'm reminded of 'Siddhartha'. A lot of abstractions signifying nothing very much. But Hawk likes it and there are those out there who worship Hesse so put it down to one person's opinion weighed against another's.

The fourth - Stylistically it's conspicuously over-written (expectant, pregnant hush - radiant and beautiful).
And it might be better if you simply tell us 'She wears a simple shift of white silk, etc.'. Telling us she wears nothing then contradicting the statement is pointless.

She is barefoot upon the stage, the whole material universe beneath her sole. - unless 'sole' ('soles'? or 'soul'?) is a typo I'm picturing her as one-legged?

I like the way it builds to a climax (no pun intended) but I feel it needs tightening to be more effective. Overall it seems the most fraught of the five.

I found the fifth piece the most intriguing. Both from the premise behind it and the execution.

There are times when the exercise comes across as just that. But I think it has potential and I'm sure there's an 'Arts' or 'Literary' magazine out there that would consider giving it space.

H

cafolini
05-09-2013, 11:54 AM
It needs a little editing. As and example, in the first few lines, there is some forced affectation and some redundancy. I would have it as follows:

I set off by car from Llandudno to Durham, on a March morning bright and cold. It is a drive I do often between my family home and my university home. I have long since grown bored with it.
I had been delayed somewhat by a traffic accident not a hundred yards from my front gate and lost an hour I could afford to discard it but did not want to. I listened to old tunes on the old radio and willed the hours and the miles to pass.

I love the pieces for their potential for beng published. They are worth working on that. They are not ready. But you have some themes that hold together. They are a good exercise on deconstruction: unmade. Good stuff.

Lokasenna
05-09-2013, 03:40 PM
Wow, thank you everyone for so much detailed and constructive feedback - it is very much appreciated! I hope the mods won't mind me putting up multiple posts, but I want to treat each reply with detail it deserves, given that each of you has given so much time and thought to your responses.

First up, Hawkman!


1. Prologue. To Catch the Sky

For me this didn't really 'grab' until: "I drove beneath..." although the "impossibility of the sky" grated rather. I'd heartily recommend dropping 'impossibility'. there is nothing impossible about the sky. I see it every day. Everything before this paragraph is kind of expendable. What comes after is gripping though.

Interesting - the only other person beyond yourselves who has seen this is one of my housemates, and she singled that out as one of her favourite phrases. It is, I must admit, a little unrestrained. One of my obessions is skyscapes, and I've long felt that the joy one takes in the sky comes from its vastness and, to my sense, implausibility - the sky, at least through the lens of my mind, something that smacks of the impossible. This piece might not, however, have been the time or the place to attempt to convey that personal feeling of mine in a rather limited or minature way - it is probably a subject for my poetry in its own right!


II. Remembrance. The Land Beyond the Sea

I think this is the weakest of the three. An excess of repetition of, "the land beyond the sea," becomes a little grating after a while and I'm not sure about the pathetic fallacy of an, "uncaring horizon." I also have reservations about archaisms, like "afeared." It doesn't quite fit with the idiom of the rest of the text.

The last line really isn't working for me: "I, who alone remained, have never again looked upon my people since then." It feels a bit clumsy and over written. If expressed more concisely I feel it would have more impact.

The repetition is deliberate, but I take the point that it is perhaps rather heavy handed. My intention was to write something in the vein of allegory (hence the slightly archaic mannerisms), and by the repeated use of the set phrase I had hoped to show that language can be a barrier to understanding, a lablel that obscures rather than explains the subject - an understanding of the land beyond the sea becomes impossible for the people because they cannot concieve of it accept as 'the land beyond the sea.'

Good heavens, yes, that last line is a stinker - and for some reason I just hadn't noticed before now. It will be replaced!


III. Glass. Beneath a Frail Faith

This is by far the most effective of the texts. The only thing I would query is "...of my existence," which comes over as a bit pretentious.

Interestingly enough, the aformentioned housemate was minded to agree with Hill on this one, but I'm glad you liked it - I wanted to create something deliberately ambiguous (a sure tactic to create division amongst one's critics!). The phrase 'path of my existence' is perhaps a little OTT, but it was intended to establish a sense of the old man as an independent entity, something to reflect or reflect upon the narrator.


IV. Pulchritude. The Whirling Wheel

There are too many adjectives and descriptors in this one. e.g. pregnant and expectant, "white silk, that runs like liquid, like milk ," You don't really need "like liquid", 'like milk' is quite enough and you don't get the break in the flow of the line.

"I am me, I am Freyja, I am Ēostre, I am Fortune, I am Mother Church, and I am." again feels over-written. I'd be inclined to put it like this:

"I am Freyja, I am Ēostre, I am Mother Church, and I am me."

I take the point about adjectives and descriptors - I think I did go rather overboard, and I think I will take your advice about the milk line. The woman's description of herself was supposed to reflect the movement of the sacred feminine in medieval history from a pagan goddess to a central tenet of Christianity, the final 'I am' a reference to God's words in Exodus ('I am that I am'). From Freyja, the wanton goddess of sex, to the mother who gave her name to Easter, to Dame Fortune who treats all men equally, to Mother Church who protects and nurtures all Christian men, to God his/herself. I don't know whether the explanation helps (it might still be overwritten), but I did want to make a point with it.


V. Impermanence. The Maggots in God's Flesh

This is also a strong piece. However, I'm afraid I keep hearing Blackadder saying, "Yes it is, not, 'that it be!'"

again, the archaism is grating, but I really love the idea behind the poem, in fact the whole series.

Fair enough - sadly I do actually speak like this when I'm in lecture mode, but I suppose that is no reason to inflict it on everyone! I'll tweak those archaisms.


The whole comes over as a sort of mixture of biblical and saga, and for me at least, is very enjoyable to read, save for my listed reservations.

It's always a pleasure to read your work Loki.


Thank you very much for being so helpful and supportive - your feedback has been really useful, and I'm glad you took pleasure in it.

Lokasenna
05-09-2013, 03:41 PM
Next up, Hill!


The first piece and the rather banal setting - the A55 up to its usual tricks presumably - works up to a point. It identifies the narrator and his need to use nostalgia to escape the humdrum.
Obviously it's difficult to comment on the reliability of these memories - the 'subtle suddenness' and the 'wetness'. Would one really get out of the car to stretch ones legs in such conditions? But it's a metaphorical situation - abandoning the 'shelter' of the car to seek art in 'the world'.
I got the impression that this was someone with pretentions towards being an artist forsaking his youth in order to achieve a desired status - but being rejected by those who have already attained it. Not so much the end of the world but the end of the narrator's dreams.

Yes, I was very conciously trying to set up a movement from banal reality to something more abstract - the weirdness of the scenery, with its obscuring weather, becoming a landscape against which my protagonist could explore his relationship with the concept of expression. Not only would one not get out of the car for a constitutional in such weather, and I'm not even sure there is such a place where one can make a quick exit from that motorway!


The second piece begins as a personal observation that might have led somewhere - but the introduction of fishing folk and the village changed the tone. It reads as a rather flimsy history of one particular group of people. I agree with Hawk about the monotonous repetitiveness of this - intentional, one assumes, but unwelcome. And the closing line is indeed a stinker.

Fair enough, I take the criticism - you can see in my reply above what I was trying to do, and it seems I did not really succeed. I wrote this section in the middle of reading a load of Dunsany's short stories, and this was in some sense my attempt to emulate his style in terms of writing highly abstract and symbolic stories.


The third - I'm reminded of 'Siddhartha'. A lot of abstractions signifying nothing very much. But Hawk likes it and there are those out there who worship Hesse so put it down to one person's opinion weighed against another's.

The phrase 'A lot of abstractions signifying nothing very much' might almost be an alternative title; I may in fact steal it as a title for future work. As I said, I wanted to write something small and deliberately without an answer: is the old man one of the friends the protagonist is waiting for? Who is he? The protagonist's reflection? His shadow? God? Odin? What do his words signify? What kind of ending do they hint at?


The fourth - Stylistically it's conspicuously over-written (expectant, pregnant hush - radiant and beautiful).
And it might be better if you simply tell us 'She wears a simple shift of white silk, etc.'. Telling us she wears nothing then contradicting the statement is pointless.

She is barefoot upon the stage, the whole material universe beneath her sole. - unless 'sole' ('soles'? or 'soul'?) is a typo I'm picturing her as one-legged?

I like the way it builds to a climax (no pun intended) but I feel it needs tightening to be more effective. Overall it seems the most fraught of the five.

Fair enough. I take the point about it being overwritten. The stuff about the 'sole' was a rather clumsy attempt to play on the similarity of the two words you mention, but it might perhaps be better if I get rid of it. I'm glad you liked the way it builds - I was rather pleased with that last sentence.


I found the fifth piece the most intriguing. Both from the premise behind it and the execution.

Yes, I had a similar comment from my housemate. I'm glad you thought the execution was sufficient to the premise.


There are times when the exercise comes across as just that. But I think it has potential and I'm sure there's an 'Arts' or 'Literary' magazine out there that would consider giving it space.

Thank you for such informed and helpful criticism - it really does help me in my writing endeavours! And it is only though such exercises that I will become a better writer.

Lokasenna
05-09-2013, 03:43 PM
Next up, Cafolini!


It needs a little editing. As and example, in the first few lines, there is some forced affectation and some redundancy. I would have it as follows:

I set off by car from Llandudno to Durham, on a March morning bright and cold. It is a drive I do often between my family home and my university home. I have long since grown bored with it.
I had been delayed somewhat by a traffic accident not a hundred yards from my front gate and lost an hour I could afford to discard it but did not want to. I listened to old tunes on the old radio and willed the hours and the miles to pass.

I like your editing here - it does make it more to the point and better flowing, and I think I will take my cue from this when rewriting the piece.


I love the pieces for their potential for beng published. They are worth working on that. They are not ready. But you have some themes that hold together. They are a good exercise on deconstruction: unmade. Good stuff.

Thank you for reading them! You are, of course, quite correct - they are not anywhere near ready for publication yet, but in time I think there is potential there. Or at least I hope so!

tonywalt
05-09-2013, 04:27 PM
Very good prose. The first and fifth are quite profound. Is the poem you published in the local magazine available on the internet or hard copy?

hannah_arendt
05-10-2013, 02:15 AM
Maybe you could write something more there to make it bigger than a poem?

Lokasenna
05-10-2013, 05:08 AM
Very good prose. The first and fifth are quite profound. Is the poem you published in the local magazine available on the internet or hard copy?

Thanks, Tony! It was an online magazine; here's the link to my poem, if you'd be interested: http://www.thebubble.org.uk/creative/metaphysic. It's a slightly re-jigged version of a poem I posted in my thread quite a while ago.


Maybe you could write something more there to make it bigger than a poem?

I've got several things I could submit for publication, but I like to make sure I'm 100% happy with them before I release them into the public domain with my name on them!

AuntShecky
05-10-2013, 04:53 PM
First off, let me say that no one can ever accuse you of not taking writing seriously, but you also manage to keep a healthy perspective in not taking yourself too seriously.

Secondly, I can really give you an assessment of these, because I'm not really sure what "prose poetry is." Not that I'm a stickler for Either Fish or Fowl ( or "Fish or cut bait") I am nonetheless interested in your personal definition of what a "prose poem" is. Coleridge (I think it was) defined prose as "Good words in good order" and poetry as "The best words in the best order." Too simplistic? I think perhaps your first offering in the group fits the definition of prose, as it mainly consists of straightforward declarative sentences. The topic of the last offering is most intriguing.

Guard against too much abstraction -- "nothing," "existence," and other amorphous words. Generally (pun intended) speaking, the more specific the imagery, the better the writing (for both species.)

I reiterate my comment to you in a previous thread in that you might try using more contemporary diction. "Afeared" instead of "afraid," etc.(Hawkman and Hillwalker say this as well, above.)

PS-- Whether typing prose poetry or garden-variety prose, please skip a space between paragraphs.

Lokasenna
05-11-2013, 06:02 AM
First off, let me say that no one can ever accuse you of not taking writing seriously, but you also manage to keep a healthy perspective in not taking yourself too seriously.

Secondly, I can really give you an assessment of these, because I'm not really sure what "prose poetry is." Not that I'm a stickler for Either Fish or Fowl ( or "Fish or cut bait") I am nonetheless interested in your personal definition of what a "prose poem" is. Coleridge (I think it was) defined prose as "Good words in good order" and poetry as "The best words in the best order." Too simplistic? I think perhaps your first offering in the group fits the definition of prose, as it mainly consists of straightforward declarative sentences. The topic of the last offering is most intriguing.

Guard against too much abstraction -- "nothing," "existence," and other amorphous words. Generally (pun intended) speaking, the more specific the imagery, the better the writing (for both species.)

I reiterate my comment to you in a previous thread in that you might try using more contemporary diction. "Afeared" instead of "afraid," etc.(Hawkman and Hillwalker say this as well, above.)

PS-- Whether typing prose poetry or garden-variety prose, please skip a space between paragraphs.

Thanks for the comments, Aunty - as usual, very helpful and informative!

My understanding of a prose poem is a piece written in prose but which retains many of the heightened images and abstract emotions more commonly associated with poetry; it also, in my understanding, means the prose poem is not a subject to the usual narrative conventions that I associate with the writing of short fiction, such as lucid prose and an identifiable plot. When writing these, I very much had Dunsany in mind, and these are to some extent my answer to his some of his prose poems; the archaic language is there to some extent because I was trying to imitate his style.

I'll try to avoid being to abstract, though I'll admit that it is difficult for me because I'm fascinated by the concept of abstraction itself!

I hope the formatting wasn't too unhelpful - the original Word document into which my draft is saved used indented paragraphs, but those don't carry across on to this board's format. Looking over it, I decided it was clear enough - but I'm sorry if you felt it was not, and will err on the side of caution in the future.