"Time is out of joint" notwithstanding, I'm confused about how time passes in act 1, scene 1.
They meet and clearly state that it's 12 midnight. The ghost disappears on account of the rooster crowing, meaning morning is coming soon.
While Marcellus mentions (l.158) that around xmas, "the bird of dawning singeth all night long" - it makes the phenomenon seem as if it is not happening then - as if he's talking about a different time from that of the scene.
By a liberal estimate, the whole scene could take a maximum half an hour, meaning the rooster crowed at 12:30am. Why is time in this night so compressed? Why would none of the characters find it weird, even if Shakespeare wanted for us to feel that time was 'out of joint'? The midnight sun would not be shining on a Denmark during a cold season.