Some conventional symbols are as follows:
I. COLOURS
A. Red: immoral; the colour of the life principle, blood, passion, emotion, danger, or daring;
often associated with fire
B. Black: seen as a cold and negative aspect suggesting passivity, death, ignorance, or evil;
black hens are used in witchcraft as are black cats
C. White: innocence, life, light, purity, or enlightenment
D. Green: inexperience, hope; new life, immaturity; a combination of blue and yellow, it
mediates between heat and cold and high and low; it is a comforting, refreshing human
colour; it is the colour of plant life
E. Yellow: rotting, heat, decay, violence, decrepitude, old age, and the approach of death
F. Blue: cool, calm, peaceful; an insubstantial colour in the real world except as translucency,
the void of heavens
G. Pink: innocence, femininity
H. Purple: royalty, bruising or pain
I. Brown: a colour somewhere between russet and black; it is the colour of earth and ploughed
land and soil, it represents humility and poverty
J. Orange: symbolizes the point of balance between the spirit and the libido; it may be the
emblem of divine love or extreme lust
K. Violet: composed of red and blue, it is the colour of temperance, clarity of mind
II. NATURE
A. Seasons
1. Spring: birth, new beginning
2. Summer: maturity, knowledge
3. Autumn: decline, nearing death, growing old
4. Winter: death, sleep, hibernation, or stagnation
5. Christmas season: birth, change for the better
6. Easter season: rebirth, enlightenment
7. Light: truth, safety, warmth, knowledge
8. Darkness: evil, ignorance, danger
B. Trees
1. Apple: temptation, loss of innocence
2. Chestnut: foresight
3. Oak: strength, wisdom
4. Pear: blossoming, fleeting nature of life
5. Poplar: linked to the underworld, to pain, sacrifice, and grief, a funeral tree,
symbolizes the regressive powers of nature
6. Sycamore: a sign of vanity and to climb it is to thrust in vain things
7. Pine: symbol of immortality because of its evergreen foliage
C. Weeds: evil (hemlock, pigweed, etc), wildness/outcasts of society
D. Flowers: beauty, youth, strength, gentleness
1. Anemone: transience
2. Chrysanthemums: solar symbol; represents perfection, an autumn flower,
3. Rose: budding youth, romance, potential, fragility
4. Sunflower: Sturdiness
5. Violet: shyness, something petite
6. Lily: evokes unlawful passion, temptation, the election of one’s choice
E. Water: washes away guilt, origin of life, regeneration, vehicle of cleansing
F. River: fluidity of life, stream of life and death
G. Moon: changing and returning shape, feminine symbol
H. Sun: source of light, heat and life; a masculine symbol
I. Cavern: the maternal womb
J. Mountain: places where heaven and earth meet; stability, safety, often symbolic of human
pride
K. Rubies: represents good fortune; it was believed that they banished sorrow and warded
off evil spirits
L. Sapphires: contemplation, purity
M. Silver: relates to the moon, to water and the female principle; it may also symbolize the
object of all desires and the harm they cause
N. Gold: the perfect metal; a reflection of heavenly light; it suggest the sun-fertility, wealth,
dominion; it is a male principle
O. Pearl: associated with water, they may be regarded as symbols of knowledge and wealth
III. DIRECTIONS
A. East: land of birth or rebirth; of the Sun and Venus; it is associated with renewal,
youth, feasting, song and love
B. North: is the side which lies on the sun’s right hand and lies on either side of life; it
symbolizes night sky and night wind and is the home of the Moon and the Milky
Way. North represents coldness, alienation, and hostility; it is the abode of death
C. South: is the side which lies on the Sun’s left hand and is the hand of fire; represents
warmth and comfort
D. West: is the land of evening, old age, and the descending passage of the sun
IV. WEATHER, SEASON, TIME
A. Snow: blanket which obscures, covers or even smothers
B. Fog/Mist: prevents clear vision or thinking; represents isolation; mist is often the
symbol of the indeterminate phase in development when shapes have yet to be
defined; they are preludes to important revelations or prologues to manifestations
C. Rain: sadness or despair or new life; a symbol of celestial influences the Earth
receives
D. Wind and Storms: violent human emotions
E. Lightning: indicates the spark of life and the powers of fertilization; it can be either
life-giving or death dealing, so it is a sign of power and strength
F. Morning: the time of God’s blessings; the beginning of when all is still uncorrupted; a
symbol of purity and promise
G. Rainbows: also intermediaries and pathways between Heaven and Earth; mostly are
generally heralds of good and are linked with cycles of rebirth, they may also serve as
prologues to disturbance
H. Thunder: the voice of God or gods
V. ANIMALS
A. Dove: peace, purity, simplicity
B. Fox: slyness, cleverness
C. Raven: death, destruction; they often play prophetic roles or function as a conductor
of the soul
D. Lion: a solar symbol, power, pride
E. Peacock: pride, vanity
F. Serpent/Snake: temptation, evil
G. Mouse: shyness, meekness
H. Hawk: sharp, keen eyesight
I. Owl: wisdom, rational knowledge; messenger of death
J. Salmon: instinct; sacred wisdom
K. Cats: are often viewed as serpents of the underworld; they also symbolize cunning,
forethought, and ingenuity
L. Lamb: serves as a manifestation of the power of Spring and renewal, sacrificial
element, the children of God
M. Cuckoo: jealousy and parasitism, it lays eggs in the nests of other birds; laziness
VI. WALLS: barriers between people, both physical and mental; a barrier that shuts out
the world
VII. HUMAN BODY PARTS
A. Blood: symbolizes all the integral qualities of fire and the heat and vitality inherent in the
sun; it also corresponds to vital and bodily heat
B. Bones: they represent both the framework of the human body, bust since they contain
marrow, they symbolize strength and virtue
C. Hands: strength or weakness
D. Eyes: windows to the soul or barometer of emotions
E. Mouth: indicator of character traits
F. Neck: long slender neck is associated with sexuality
G. Knee: main source of bodily strength according to ancient traditions
H. Right and Left: to look to one’s right hand is to look to the protector; this is the place of
the elect at the Last Judgement, the damned will go to the left
VIII. CLOTHING
A. Cape: or any circular garment or vestment with a hole in the middle suggests a
celestial and ascendant symbolism. When monks or nuns withdraw from the world,
they cover themselves in a cape or cloak, which symbolizes a withdrawal into oneself
or into God.
B. Cloak: is a symbol of human trickery, and the different personalities humans can
assume
C. Mask: externalize demonic tendencies
IX. OBJECTS
A. Chain: symbolizes the bond which connect Heaven and earth or ties together two
extremes or beings
B. Key: a key has the power and authority of letting in and shutting out; to hold a key
means to have been initiated. It not only shows the power to enter a place, town, or
house, but to accede to a spiritual state or abode or to a level of initiation
C. Ladder: ladders are symbols of ascension and realization of potential; they are also
symbols of intercommunication and the comings and goings between Heaven and
Earth
D. Mirror: often a solar symbol; an unbroken mirror can be a sign of a happy marriage: a
broken mirror would indicate a separation or destruction of the union
E. Tower of Babel: confusion, human pride, resulted in multiple languages
X. JOURNEY: may be a quest for truth, peace or immortality; a journey often serves as
a metaphor for life
XI. SETTING
A. The forest: usually a place of evil or mystery
B. An isolated setting: alienation, loneliness
C. A garden: paradise of a haven
D. Window of a room: freedom or lack thereof
E. A park: a place for retreat and renewal
F. The town: place where rules are on their best behaviour
G. Bed: consummation of marriage
H. Parlour: vanity
References
Chevalier, J. & Gheerbrant, A. (1996). The Penguin Dictionary of Symbols. New York:
Penguin.
Hancock, E. (1972). Techniques for Understanding Literature. Belmont, CA.