The Marxism and the crisis theory (the spot counts: 1,331)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Author: Han Dech'iang http://www.pen123.net.cn 2001-4-7 10:54:03 gentleman cypress consultation network
"Marx's Crisis Theory" foreword: Marxism and crisis theory
Political economy and crisis inevitability
Each when arrived the prosperity arrival, the capitalism advocates declared brought the trouble for the capitalism the born that way crisis tendency already thoroughly to overcome. When prospers finishes, the economists one after the other propose the collapse special explanation. 1990 at the beginning of ages crises were the results which 1980 ages not discretely loaned. 1980 at the beginning of ages crises were 1970 at the end of ages excessively countries disbursement results. 1970 ages intermediate stages crisis was the petroleum price crazily rises after the Vietnamese war inflation result. ... ... 1930 ages crises were not the correct banking policy results. ... ... Each crisis has the different reason, all is the artificial fault product, does not have time is the capitalist system own question. However in past two hundred years or unceasing periodically appearance.
The bourgeoisie economists can not but deny the crisis are intrinsic to in the capitalist production social form, because the entire economic theory establishment under this kind of premise, namely the capitalist system is the autonomy, the theory economist's primary mission is determined the autonomy can maintain the lowest condition, like this, any setback can consider is the deviation normal state accidental result.
Even if most has the defense economist not to be able not to note the crisis the repetition appearance, but, embarks from the classical political economy tradition, the economist explains such crisis for the infection phenomenon. The supply and demand strength normal operation guarantee general meeting tends to the balance. This meaning crisis can only be took exterior attack the result appears, it temporarily breaks the balance; Or is the internal turbulence, it hinders or destroys the market equilibrium the process.
In he theory frame, the capital in the different production department between the movement, responds because the supply and demand not balanced brings profit margin difference. This kind of capital movement is the competition maintains the reasonable proportion relations at the different department between the way, so, then possibly broke imbalance which accumulated on by the supply and demand relations smoothing effect to eliminate. Any imbalance crisis, 1970 ages intermediate stages crisis, like this is been likely imperfect by the market, here is the petroleum producer's monopoly strength.
In the theory, the supply and demand mutually does by the interest rate and the profit margin uses for to maintain. If invests drops, to invests the fund the demand to be able to drop, thus causes the interest rate to drop, but the interest rate drops can stimulate the new investment. The stable monetary policy can guarantee the balance can maintain. In ?the classical world, the international payment balance deficit is the hot major targets or quotas, the gold and the foreign exchange reserve outflow can force the currency authority to tighten the monetary policy to adjust not balanced. Similarly, declines the attack causes the foreign exchange reserve the inflow, thus allows to adopt the more loose monetary policy. In the modern world, the inflation and the deflation pressure target is more complex, but the principle is same. Excessively accumulates crisis, if that which produced in 1980 the end of ages, was relaxes the monetary policy the result, it stimulated the inflation and the speculation excessively invests.
Puts aside their complex mathematical formalism, today the economists provide the explanation and nine at the beginning of centuries provides not any difference. It always believed that, a huge exterior of impact, looks like the war or the crop failure, can creates the short confusion international economy relations to between the different department's relations or nationality's, but similar crisis reason actually outside capitalist system, moreover is very quick in under the normal market process adjustment can restore stably. Except such exterior impact, the crisis main reason on was considered is the government not suitably intervenes in the management economy time creates. Specially, if the government attempts through the printing currency coming person to stimulate the economy for the place to support it excessively to disburse, can promote excessively congenially, causes the inflation prosperity. Along with the unreliable speculative investment defeat, the prosperous end will collapse, thus will need a decline time to come excessively to invest from the system pulls out. Thus, the prosperity and the collapse in turn circulation is not the Capitalist mode of production intrinsic, but is the statesman stupid and the irresponsible result.
Keynes proposed the question to the classical macroscopic economical adjustment mechanism, but his work still belonged to the classical frame in the very great degree. The Keynes theory can the explanation prosperous and the bleak in turn circulation, namely so-called "trade cycle" or "commercial cycle", but the actually explanation is, this kind of circulation is in no way in the Capitalist mode of production fresh, moreover may use the suitable government policy to adjust. Keynes's criticism meaning, the stable need government's positive intervention, is seeking counter- cyclical the finance and the monetary policy, maintains the macroscopic economic equilibrium, but Keynes criticizes the basic goal is reconfirms the non-monopoly capitalism in the communism and before the Fascist statism threat the harmony. Said to Keynes as well as the classical economist that, the crisis tendency is not the Capitalist mode of production because of some, but is not the suitable organization arrangement and the policy response result. Therefore, the crisis tendency may reforms by the suitable organization and the policy overcomes. After Keynes, elephant in him before is same, the crisis existence is not the capitalism flaw proof, but is statesman's negligence and is irresponsible.
After this meanless view has duplicated for more than two 100 years, perhaps the people can hope the economists already saw some symptoms of a trend. The economists want to the crisis explanation on like the identical scientist to deny the four seasons transformation are one kind of natural phenomenon are same, spring arrival supernatural strength wisdom. The theory should face the question is not explained this or that crisis special reason, likely scientist's duty is not explained the spring arrives the precise date in any specific year to be same. Needs is explained the economic crisis has the rule as the Capitalist mode of production development tendency normal ingredient to reappear. This is the Marxism the duty which establishes for oneself, proved the crisis not merely is to the accumulation of capital artificial disturbance, but is the capitalist production social form intrinsic tendency.
The Marxism crisis theory obvious characteristic is they to the crisis took the Capitalist mode of production essence, the inevitable characteristic inevitable emphasis, was precisely this inevitability has stipulated the capitalism objective limit and the socialism necessity. The Rosa ??Luxembourg in replied when Bernstein produced the Marxism crisis theory function classics to indicate. "Looked from the scientific socialism viewpoint that, the socialist revolution historical inevitability first is in obtains on the overall system ?