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Thread: Two works by Poe decoded. Announcement!!

  1. #391
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    ...yet another very likely candidate, close contemporary to Carlyle and Vandermaelen, is :

    Leopold von Ranke (21 December 1795 – 23 May 1886) was a German historian and a founder of modern source-based history.[3][4] According to Caroline Hoefferle, "Ranke was probably the most important historian to shape [the] historical profession as it emerged in Europe and the United States in the late 19th century".[5] He was able to implement the seminar teaching method in his classroom and focused on archival research and the analysis of historical documents. Building on the methods of the Göttingen School of History,[6] he was the first to establish a historical seminar. Ranke set the standards for much of later historical writing, introducing such ideas as reliance on primary sources (empiricism), an emphasis on narrative history and especially international politics (Außenpolitik). Ranke also had a great influence on Western historiography. He was ennobled in 1865, with the addition of a "von" to his name.

    Did they ever xchange any letters???
    Last edited by yanni; 08-19-2021 at 08:39 AM.

  2. #392
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    Historians may further examine following persons for coidentification:

    H e i n r i c h J o h a n n F r i e d r i c h Ostermann . Er wurde am 9. Juli 1687 geboren, nicht, wie so oft zu lesen ist, 1686. Das Geburtshaus stand Ecke Schützenbahn-Bongardstraße, es war die bekannte spätere Wirtschaft Bernhard Dahm, die 1906 abgebrochen wurde. (heute Brunstein und Woolworth.)…. So waren die Jahre in Beresow nur noch ein Warten auf den Tod. Körperlich gebrochen, aber seelisch gefaßt und ruhig, starb er am 25. Mai 1747.

    same man as

    Andrei Ivanovich Osterman wurde am 30. Mai 1686 in der westfälischen Stadt Bokume in der Familie eines Pfarrers geboren. Beim nächsten Staatsstreich, der am 25. November 1741 zugunsten der Tochter von Peter I. Elisabeth begangen wurde, wurde Osterman verhaftet. Er wurde wegen Hochverrats vor Gericht gestellt und zum Tode verurteilt. Am Tag der Hinrichtung, dem 18. Januar 1742, wurde Osterman auf dem Schafott aufgestellt, aber hier wurde ihm angekündigt, die Hinrichtung durch das ewige Exil in Beresov zu ersetzen. In Berezovo lebte er 5 Jahre lang mit seiner Frau, verließ das Haus nie und empfing niemanden außer dem Pastor. Andrei Ivanovich Osterman, der ständig an Gicht litt, starb 1747 im Alter von 61 Jahren in Beresovo.

    and

    Henri Cochin (ie "Voltaire"-father of Augustin Henri Cochin) est un avocat français, né à Paris le 10 juin 1687 et mort le 27 février 1747.

  3. #393
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    And yet another staged death, early 1747, of alias Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (29 November 1690, in Dornburg – 16 March 1747, in Zerbst) was a German prince of the House of Ascania, and the father of Catherine the Great of Russia.He was a ruler of the Principality of Anhalt-Dornburg. From 1742, he was a ruler of the entire Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst. He was also a Prussian Generalfeldmarschall.

  4. #394
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    QUIZ

    Charles-Antoine Campion, italianized as Carlo Antonio Campioni (16 November 1720 – 12 April 1788[1]) was an Italian composer who was born in Lorraine. He was a prolific composer and represented a link between Baroque compositional methods and those of the Classical style.

    COCCHI, Gioacchino (detto il Napoletano). * 1720 (dal Fétis*) +a Venezia dopo il 1788.

    Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie prince Charlie) *31 December 1720 – 30 January 1788)

    John Baptist Caryll (13 December 1713 – 7 March 1788) After succeeding his grandfather, he got into financial difficulties, as a penalised Catholic, and sold the family properties at West Grinstead and Harting, West Sussex. He entered the household in Rome of the so-called "Young Pretender", the exiled Stuart claimant, recognised by Jacobites as "King Charles III". Charles Edward Stuart appointed Caryll his Secretary of State and made him a Knight of the Thistle. Caryll returned to France in 1777 and died at Dunkirk on 7 March 1788.


    *François-Joseph Fétis (French: [fetis]; 25 March 1784 – 26 March 1871) was a Belgian musicologist, critic, teacher and composer. He was among the most influential music intellectuals in continental Europe.[1] His enormous compilation of biographical data in the Biographie universelle des musiciens remains an important source of information today.

  5. #395
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    17 March 1712 (score lost) first performed ,Bologna, Luca, italy, Church of Santa Maria della Vita by Antonio Predieri (1688 – 1767) Oratorio Santi Cipriano e Giustina martiri (Saints Cyprian and Justina, martyrs)

    late march 1712 conceived John Baptist Caryll (13 December 1713 + 7 March 1788)
    Last edited by yanni; 03-18-2024 at 12:14 PM.

  6. #396
    Registered User tailor STATELY's Avatar
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    Thank you for posting!... A few musical samples:

    Campion - https://www.google.com/search?newwin...SMuSgWInk,st:0

    Antonio Predieri - https://www.google.com/search?q="Ant...vzlopmpBM,st:0



    Ta ! (short for tarradiddle),
    tailor
    Last edited by tailor STATELY; 02-15-2024 at 11:36 AM. Reason: syntax
    tailor

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  7. #397
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    Hi Tailor

    The elephant(s) in the room must be COCCHI, Gioacchino, ie Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie prince Charlie) and...."their father , the enigmatic old Pretender James Francis Edward Stuart who will soon follow!

  8. #398
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    One elephant piqued my curiosity... Gioacchino Cocchi: Sinfonia for 2 Mandolins & Continuo, Gimo 76... https://www.google.com/search?newwin...MvqzFyjR4,st:0

    and music by a lesser figure, François-Joseph Fétis (or was it a piece by Stradella ? / ambiguity courtesy of wikipedia)... https://www.google.com/search?newwin...12LNzvCf4,st:0



    Ta ! (short for tarradiddle),
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    who am I but a stitch in time
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  9. #399
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    James Francis Edward Steward and his contemporaries and/or allliases

    Paul Foley (c.1688[1] – 28 November 1739
    Sir William Wyndham, 3rd Baronet (c. 1688 – 17 June 1740),[1]
    Mikhail Petrovich Bestuzhev -Ryumin ( 1688, Moscow – 1760)
    Claude Gérard Né en 1688. Décédé en 1769.
    Johann Georg Pisendel (5 January 1688 [O.S. 26 December 1687] – 25 November 1755
    Emmanuel Ignatius of Nassau-Siegen (6 January 1688 - 1 August 1735),]
    Lionel, 1st Duke of Dorset, (Lionel Cranfield Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset KG PC (18 January 1688 – 10 October 1765
    Pierre Carlet de Chamblain de Marivaux 4 February 1688 – 12 February 1763),
    Emanuel Swedenborg born 8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1688 – 29 March 1772)[2]
    Paul Heinrich Tilio de Camas (* 1688 in Wesel; † 14. April 1741.
    Hermanus or Hermannus Angelkot Jr. (bapt. 6 February 1688, Amsterdam – d. 1727) was an Amsterdam pharmacist who also wrote poems and play (bapt. 6 February 1688,.
    John Conduitt (/ˈkɒnd(j)uɪt/; c. 8 March 1688 – 23 May 1737),
    Johann Gotthilf Ziegler, German baroque composer and organist, born in Germany (Mar 25 1688 d. 1747)
    Girolamo Belloni (1st April 1688–5 Luly 1760 Rome)
    Lewis Theobald /ˈtɪbəld/[1] (baptised 2 April 1688 – 18 September 1744),
    Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, dit Delisle le cadet ou le jeune, né le 4 avril 1688 et mort le 11 septembre 1768 à Paris, est un astronome et cartographe français.
    Ernest Augustus I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (German: Ernst August I; 19 April 1688 – 19 January 1748),
    Sir Robert Abdy, 3rd Baronet FSA (8 April 1688 – 27 August 1748), of Albyns, Essex, was a British Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1727 to 1748.
    Johann Friedrich Fasch (15 April 1688 – 5 December 1758) was a German violinist and composer.
    .Charles Nicolas Cochin the Elder (29 April 1688 – 5 July 1754) was a French line-engraver.
    Giulio Pontedera (7 May 1688 – 3 September 1757) was an Italian botanist of Tuscan origin.
    Johann Georg Hasenest (* 12. Mai 1688 in Windsheim; † 22. Oktober 1771 in Ansbach)
    Alexander Pope (21 May 1688 O.S.[1] – 30 May 1744 was an English poet, translator, and satirist of the Enlightenment era
    May 25 1688 Christian August Jacobi, German composer, born in Grimma, Leipzig (d. 1725)
    James Francis Edward Stuart (10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766) The old Pretender", Jacobite claimant to the thrones of England and Scotland
    René Charles de Maupeou (11 June 1688 – 4 April 1775) was a French politician, and chancellor of France during King Louis XV reign.
    George Frederick Charles, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth (19 June 1688 at Obersulzbürg Castle, near Mühlhausen – 17 May 1735 in Bayreuth),
    Johann Ludwig II, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (23 June 1688, in Zürich, Switzerland in Dornburg – 5 November 1746, in Zerbst), was a German prince, brother of Christian AugustJul 1
    Johann Ludwig Steiner, Swiss composer, Born: 01 July 1688.
    Jean Baptiste Loeillet (6 July 1688 – c. 1720), who later styled himself Loeillet de Gant, was a Flemish composer, born in Ghent.
    Andrew Michael Ramsay FRS (9 July 1686 or 1688 – 6 May 1743), commonly called the Chevalier Ramsay, was a Scottish-born writer who lived most of his adult life in France
    Giuseppe Castiglione, Italian Jesuit brother and missionary to China, born Jul 19 1688 in Milan, Italy (d. 1766)
    Sir John Cope KB MP (July 1688 – 28 July 1760) was a British soldier,.
    Louis de Pardaillan de Gondrin (July 1688 – 22 February 1712) was a French nobleman
    Sir Thomas Clarges, 2nd Baronet (25 July 1688 – 19 February 1759), of Aston, near Stevenage, Hertfordshire, was an English politician
    Luca Antonio Predieri, Italian composer and violinist, (Sep 13 1688 born in Bologna, Papal States (now Italy) (d. 1767)
    Willem 's-Gravesande, Dutch mathematician and physicist, born - Sep 26 1688 Hertogenbosch, Duchy of Brabant (d. 1742)
    Domenico Zipoli, Italian organist and composer, born in Prato, Oct 17 1688 Grand Duchy of Tuscany (d. 1726)
    Nov 11 1688 Lorenzo Somis, Italian composer and violinist, born in Turin (d. 1775)
    Nov 15 Oct 17 1688 Louis Bertrand Castel, French mathematician, born in Montpellier, France (d. 1757)
    Christian Heinrich Weiße (1688–1730), Philologe und Pädagoge.
    Sir William Wyndham, 3rd Baronet (c. 1688 – 17 June 1740),[1]
    Sir William Lee PC (2 August 1688 – 8 April 1754) was a British jurist and politician.He was the second son of Sir Thomas Lee, 2nd Baronet.
    Christian, Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg (12 August 1688 at Dillenburg Castle – 28 August 1739 in Straßebersbach, now part of Dietzhölztal) was the last ruler (i.e. Fürst) of Nassau-Dillenburg from the line that had started in 1606 with George, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg.
    Frederick William I (German: Friedrich Wilhelm I.; 14 August 1688 – 31 May 1740), known as the "Soldier King" (German: Soldatenkönig[1]), was King in Prussia and Elector of Brandenburg from 1713 until his death in 1740, as well as Prince of Neuchâtel. He was succeeded by his son, Frederick the Great.
    Gaspard de Clermont-Tonnerre (16 August 1688 at Dijon – 16 March 1781 at the Hôtel Matignon, Paris), was a French noble, descendant of a family which traced its origins to the 12th century.
    Pierre Brumoy (26 August 1688, in Rouen – 16 April 1742, in Paris) was an 18th-century French Jesuit, humanist and editor of the Journal de Trévoux.
    Luca Antonio Predieri (13 September 1688 – 3 January 1767) was an Italian composer and violinist. A member of a prominent family of musicians, Predieri was born in Bologna and was active there from 1704.
    William Berriman (24 sept 1688–5 feb 1750) was an English theologian,
    Willem Jacob 's Gravesande (26 September 1688 – 28 February 1742) was a Dutch mathematician and natural philosopher,
    Robert Bristow (18 October 1688 – 3 November 1737)[1] of Micheldever in Hampshire was an English politician..[1]
    William Cheselden (/ˈtʃɛsəldən/; 19 October 1688 – 10 April 1752) was an English surgeon and teacher of anatomy and surgery,
    Louis Bertrand Castel (5 November 1688[1][2] – 11 January 1757[3][4]) was a French mathematician born in Montpellier,
    Giovanni Lorenzo Somis (* 11. November 1688 in Turin; † 29. November 1775 ebenda) war ein italienischer Violinist, Komponist und Maler
    Hercule Mériadec de Rohan (13 November 1688 – 21 December 1757) was a prince étranger and the sixth Duke of

  10. #400
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    A few queries on Voltaire

    1.Was he really born in France? If so how is the “world leader for eighteenth-century scholarship, publishing the definitive edition of the Complete Works of Voltaire” , ie The Voltaire Foundation, based in Oxford UK Why does his biography @ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltaire fail to explain :

    2.How did the child of a “ lawyer who was a minor treasury official” manage to define his century and more? acc Wikipedia as above?

    3.Why did Arouet, Airvolt, Volta Ire etc etc “ is known also to have used at least 188 separate pen names during his lifetime.acc Wikipedia as above”?

    Interested readers using Post #399 as a master key (fr. passpartout) may discover how and why Voltaire should at least be called “The Great” today just like , for instance, Prussian King Friedrich the Great and Russian Catherine the Great , both closerly linked to our hero than historians accept!

    Notice: Waiting for readers views , "Yanni" will not be posting for a week or two; In the mean time a note to the site administrator; Other threads of mine like "Mozart in Engish"and more, take 10 minutes to load and another ten between same thread posts thus making them practialy impossible for used. Please try to fix the problem, thanks!

  11. #401
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    Add to *1688ers

    Ferdinand Anton Danneskiold-Laurvig (or Laurwigen; 1 July 1688 – 18 September 1754), count of Larvik, Gehejmekonferensråd (Privy Councillor) and director of the Danish West India Company from 1723 YES

    Arthur Elphinstone, 6th Lord Balmerino[a] and 5th Lord Cupar (1688 – 18 August 1746) was a Scottish nobleman and Jacobite, or supporter of the claim of the exiled House of Stuart to the British throne

    .Prince Joseph [József Simon Antal] Esterhazy (1688–1721)

    George Frederick Charles, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth (19 June 1688 at Obersulzbürg Castle, near Mühlhausen – 17 May 1735 in Bayreuth), (!!)

  12. #402
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    JFEStuart and his aliases Part 1

    Am 21. Juli 1711 Tilio de Camas (* 1688 in Wesel; † 14. April 1741 in Breslau wurde er Hauptmann (Kapitän)
    18 Oct 1711 Luca Antonio Predieri (13 September 1688 – 3 January 1767) La virtù in trionfo o sia La Griselda (The triumph of virtue, or Griselda) dramma per musica in three acts, libretto by Tomaso Stanzani after Apostolo Zeno, premiered Bologna, Teatro Marsigli-Rossi, (score lost apart from the aria "Fa' di me ciò che ti piace
    In 1711 Charles VI ( * 1 October 1685) left for Vienna to succeed as Emperor.
    22 December 1711, Frankfurt Coronation of Charles VI 1 October 1685 – 20 October 1740) was Holy Roman Emperor and ruler of the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy from 1711 until his death
    22 December 1711 Veracini's * February 1690 Violin Concerto in D Major, "a otto strumenti, di Francesco Maria Ueracini Suonato dallo stesso al post comunio", 1711), but was performed in Frankfurt rather than Venice, at Charles VI's coronation on 22 December 1711, just two days before Veracini's appearance as a soloist on Christmas Eve in Venice, some 800 kilometers to the south (Kolneder 1959–61; White 1972, 19).
    conc early march 1712 Francesco Algarotti (born December 11, 1712, Venice [Italy]
    14 avril 1712 Fontenelle apporte à un écrivain alors inconnu (Marivaux*1688) . Censeur de la Chancellerie, le secrétaire de l’Académie des sciences choisissait sans doute, avec l’abbé Bignon en charge de la Librairie, les manuscrits soumis à son « approbation ». Or il en signa pour les premières productions de Marivaux : le 14 avril 1712 pour trois livres des Effets surprenants de la sympathie, le 11 mai 1713 pour La Voiture embourbée et le 21 décembre 1713 pour les deux derniers livres des Effets surprenants
    In April 1712, both James Francis Edward*1688 and his sister fell sick with smallpox. While the Old Pretender recovered, Louisa Maria died on 28 April (18 April, Old Style) and was buried with her father at the Church of the English Benedictines in Paris.[4]
    On 11 May 1712, Sempill (*1672,0 Baron Robert Semple, 1st Jacobite Lord Sempill Death? 11 Nov 1737) } was the subject of a "declaration of nobility" by the exiled James Francis Edward Stuart*1688 DENT]], which recognised Semphill as the legitimate heir of his Lord Semphill ancestors and thereby created him Lord Sempill of Dykehead in the Jacobite peerage.[2] This was despite the title in the Peerage of Scotland remaining extant with Francis Sempill, 10th Lord Sempill as the holder
    February 25 – Frederick William I *1688 of Prussia begins his reign.
    on 1 March 1713 Christian August (29 November 1690, in Dornburg – 16 March 1747, in Zerbst) was elevated to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. After he took part in several military campaigns during the Spanish War of Succession and in the Netherlands, father if Catherine the Great
    March 1713 to Aprl 11, 1713the Treaty of Utrecht was signed in by all the allies except the emperor
    April 11, 1713 The representatives of France, Great Britain, and the Dutch Republic signed the Treaty of Utrecht on 11 April 1713 (N.S.)
    30. März 1713 Angelo Predieri *1688? Maria e Giuseppe in traccia di Gesù Bologna, 30. März 1713
    12/02/1715 Roma Teatro Capranica Astarto ) Amor prigioniero Predieri Luca Antonio (1688-1767) prima assoluta
    On 14 March 1715, the Pretender*1688 appealed to Pope Clement XI for help for a Jacobite rising: "It is not so much a devoted son, oppressed by the injustices of his enemies, as a persecuted Church threatened with destruction, which appeals for the protection and help of its worthy pontiff".[1]
    28. März 1715 Angelo Predieri La purificazione di Maria Vergine, Bologna
    Guilio Alberoni, launched an attack on Sardinia(22August1717), at a time where the bulk of the Austrian forces were fighting the Turk on the Balkans52.
    Il *pazzo per politica Predieri Luca Antonio (1688-1767) prima assoluta 1717 Livorno Teatro San Sebastiano
    Date 7 juillet 1717 Contrat de mariage entre Pierre Carlet de Marivaux*1688 et Colombe Bologne.reached adulthood; she was otherwise seventh child and fourth daughter
    August 1717 Dresden : Veracini (1 February 1690 – 31 October 1768)had to compose chamber music for the court (Landmann 2013, 5), transferring him to the official payroll as Kapellmeister in August 1717 (Prince Friedrich August, (27 August 1712 – 15 October 1770) who came to celebrate carnival. The Prince recruited not only singers, as he was told to do by his father, but also musicians for the court in Dresden)
    26? dic. 1718 Firenze Teatro del Cocomero Partenope Predieri Luca Antonio (1688-1767)
    January 23 1719 – The Principality of Liechtenstein is created, within the Holy Roman Empire.[1]
    February 1719, Stuart*1688 and his supporter John Erskine, the Duke of Mar, followed David Nairne to Rome in mid-November 1718, where the latter figure organized accommodation for the Stuart court. Stuart stayed there until the beginning of February 1719, when he left for Spain.
    20 February 1719 Handel explains his delay in visiting Michaelsen on pressing affairs, assures that he will soon visit, and makes enquiries as to his (Handel's) "Mama"*. ...Finally, Handel asks Michaelsen to present his compliments to Mr. Roth** and to all their friends. (Magister Christian Roth was Handel's cousin.)
    25. März 1719 Angelo Predieri*1688 Jezabelle, Bologna, 25. März 1719 mit (Floriano Arresti)
    By Arresti Jezabelle (in collaborazione con Giacomo Cesare Predieri,*1688 libretto di G.B. Neri; Bologna, Oratorio dei Filippini, 1719)

    April -June 1719 Clementina, on her way to join the chevalier at Bologna, was arrested by the order of the emperor (to whom the goodwill of the British government was of paramount importance) at Innsbruck, whence Wogan, with three kinsmen, Richard Gaydon, Captain Missett, and Ensign Edward O'Toole, released her in a romantic manner (27 April 1719). For this exploit the pope, Clement XI, conferred upon Wogan the title of Roman senator
    (13 June 1719). James *1688 rewarded Wogan by a baronetcy.

  13. #403
    Registered User tailor STATELY's Avatar
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    Francesco Maria Veracini caught my eye -

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Maria_Veracini


    Ta ! (short for tarradiddle),
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  14. #404
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    Back to “Voltaire” and his relations to the jacobites of James II *1688 Part1

    According to Voltaire foundation article “Voltaire and the Jacobites”, of 20 March 2017 :

    Voltaire was much better disposed towards the Scots Jacobites, as shown in the description of the ’45 rebellion included in his Précis du Siècle de Louis XV. In the course of that famous uprising, Voltaire had gone so far as to write a manifesto for Bonnie Prince Charlie (grandson of the deposed James II),He later befriended the Scottish Jacobite exile Field Marshall Keith, whose eulogy he wrote in 1758. He was less positive towards the Chevalier Andrew Michael Ramsay, a Scots convert to Catholicism and follower of Fénelon who once tutored Prince Charles Edward Stuart (‘Bonnie Prince Charlie’). Voltaire sniffed at Ramsay as a plagiarist.Voltaire never dismissed Jacobitism as backward or despotic. His positive attitude may have been shaped by his early friendships with Viscount Bolingbroke, an exiled Tory minister who was attracted to Jacobitism at various phases of his long career, and bishop Atterbury of Rochester. Bolingbroke welcomed Voltaire to his house at La Source near Orléans in December 1722. The Viscount admired the young French poet, but warned him to restrain the influence of his imagination. Bolingbroke also consulted Alexander Pope*1688 on the merits of Voltaire’s pirated epic, La Ligue, the first version of La Henriade. The image of King Henry IV of France presented in that poem may have appealed to Bolingbroke, who had tried in vain to persuade the Stuart claimant, James III, to change his religion in order to gain a throne.

    Indeed, while Voltaire did correspond (some 20000-40000 letters) with most of Jacobilte leaders and other European celebrities of his time , Mystery 1 HE NEVER CORRESPONDED with James II the old pretender and his close contemporaries such as, for instance. Frederic William I of Prussia I*1688), even if he did have a very long correspondence with his son,. Frederick the Great. He also received Nov. 12, 1770 a letter from Frederic William II, grand son of Frederick William I, wanting to get to know him better . He propably did not answer it as he was at the time busy with Jakob Jonas Björnståhl (January 23, 1731 in Rotarbo – July 11, 1779 in Thessaloniki), orientalist,Greek philologis and a manuscript collector (minuscule 901, minuscule 902,

    Voltaire also corresponded with George Keith, tenth and last Earl Marischal, a close associate of the old pretender King James . as follows:

    In December, 1756, George Keith, Earl Marischal of Scotland (whom Voltaire had met in Prussia), arrived at Les Délices to plead with the man who was fast becoming Humanitarian-in-Chief of Europe to defend Admiral Byng--now arraigned on a charge of treason and cowardice. Voltaire wrote to his friend Richelieu, who replied in the first of the following letters, vindicating the character and conduct of his foe. Voltaire sent a copy of this letter to Byng with his own. He had met the Admiral many years before in England, but judged it better not to mention the acquaintance. The third letter--Voltaire to Richelieu--shows the fruitlessness of their efforts. Notwithstanding the recommandation to mercy, Byng was shot on March 14, 1757, and his defender, the author of Candide, added to it an immortel phrase, "In this country (England) it is as well to put an admiral to death now and then, to encourage the others." ]

    continued in next

  15. #405
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    part 2

    Richelieu was at his highs at the time having done his at best the siege of Fort St Philip, also known as the siege of Minorca, 20 April to 29 June 1756 during the Seven Years' War. Its capture by France threatened the British naval position in the Western Mediterranean and it was returned after the Treaty of Paris (1763).

    Thus the next Mysteries arise
    Mystery 2 Why did the old Pretender, alive at the time did not support Admiral Byng?

    Mystery 3. Why the Byng case is not mentioned in George Keith’s Wikipedia biography?

    Mystery 4. Why did Charles Edward , the young pretender aka Gioachino Cocchi, did not help Byng? He had the time to do it, between Emira, dramma per musica da rappresentarsi nel Regio-Ducal Teatro di Milano, nel Carnovale dell'anno 1756. Dedicato a sua altezza serenissima il Duca di Modena, and his next Farsetta in musica (Angelo Lunghi? - Bologna, Teatro Marsigli-Rossi, 1757)
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A...ally-Tollendal

    To close with another dramatic topic with Voltaire in his death bed in Paris Hotel Villette , May 26 1778, seeking absolvance for his failure to save the life of Thomas Arthur, comte de Lally “ a staunch Jacobite who in 1745 accompanied Charles Edward Stuart (Prince Regent, or Bonnie Prince Charlie aka Gioachino Cocchi) to Scotland, serving as aide-de-camp at the battle of Falkirk (January 1746).[6] Escaping to France, he served with Marshal Saxe in the Low Countries, and at the capture of Maastricht (1748) was made a maréchal de camp.[3]” see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A...ally-Tollendal
    to https://www.whitman.edu/VSA/letters/5.26.1778.html

    On May 26th, the judicial murder committed by Pasquier (Councillor to the Parliament) upon the person of Lally was avenged by the Council of the King." Louis XVI in council publicly vindicated General Lally.
    By a last mighty effort, the dying man recalled the splendid intellect, now waning fast, which had so nobly served him, and dictated the following letter to the Comte de Lally-Tollendal”(son of Thomas Arthur” . Then he made someone write in a large hand on a sheet of paper, which he caused to be pinned to his bed hangings, the following words:
    It was his last conscious act. He died four days later, on May 30, 1778. There have been few men with whom the ruling passion of hatred of tyranny, oppression, injustice, has been so strong in death: and better men, who, in their last hours have found it impossible to think of any soul but their own. ]
    The text of Voltaire's letter runs only two lines. ]
    May 26, 1778.“ The dying man returns to life on hearing this great news: he tenderly embraces M. de Lally: he sees that the King is the defender

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