Count backwards from the present year

[cuppajoe_9]

With a historical event for every year.

2006 - Thailand has its first military coup in 15 years. Italy wins the World Cup.

[Idril]

2005 - Saddam Hussein goes on trial on charges of crimes against humanity. Levees break, drowning New Orleans.

[Admin]

2004 - 2 Rovers land on Mars

[Scheherazade]

2003 - Mars makes closest approach to Earth in nearly 60,000 years, passing approximately 34,646,416 miles (55,758,006 kilometers) from Earth.

[Pendragon]

2002--May 12 - Former President Jimmy Carter arrives in Cuba for a 5-day visit with Fidel Castro, becoming the first U.S. President, in or out of office, to visit the island since Castro's 1959 revolution.

[cuppajoe_9]

2001 - Two hijacked planes strike each of the World Trade Towers, causing both to colapse and ending in excess of 3 000 lives.

[Pendragon]

2000--January 1 - Millennium celebrations take place throughout the world, even though, provided you do not count 0 as a year, the new millennium did not technically begin until January 1, 2001. Y2K passes without the serious, widespread computer failures and malfunctions that many in the news media had predicted.

[RobinHood3000]

1999 - The above-mentioned fuss over nothing continues. Mars Polar Lander go splat.

[cuppajoe_9]

1998 - The arbitrarily declared International Year of the Ocean. Bill Clinton declares that he did not have sex with Monical Lewinsky. People care about this for some reason. Titanic wins eleven more academy awards than it deserves.

[Shalot]

1997 - Diana, Princess of Wales died in a car crash in Paris

[Idril]

1996 ~ Blizzard buries eastern US causing at least 50 deaths, Lisa Marie Presley filed for divorce from Michael Jackson in NY

[Nightshade]

1995-- Oklahoma city bombinng also that year OJ simpson trial.

[Shalot]

1994 - George Lucas leaves the day-to-day operations of his filmmaking business and starts a sabbatical (while on sabbatical, he wrote the prequel Star Wars trilogy).

[Pendragon]

1993--January 5 - Washington State executes Westley Allan Dodd by hanging (the first legal hanging in America since 1965). The man was a convicted pedophile and murderer, who requested hanging over lethal injection.

[Idril]

1992 ~ China PR performs nuclear test at Lop Nor PRC. US Mars Observer launched from Space shuttle

[thevintagepiper]

1991: Nadine Gordimer of South Africa is awarded the Nobel Peace prize. And I was born!

[kilted exile]

1990 - Glasgow is declared the European City of Culture :rolleyes:

[Shalot]

1989 - The Fall of the Berlin Wall

[Schokokeks]

1988 - George H. W. Bush is elected 41th President of the United States

[AimusSage]

count backwards choco cookie! count backwards

1987 - U2's The Joshua Tree is released, and it's a really good album :D

[Schokokeks]

count backwards choco cookie! count backwards

1987 - U2's The Joshua Tree is released, and it's a really good album :D


Wooops ! I'm embarassed :blush: I thought this was similar to the "Count to 10 000"-thread where posting historical events is a must...
Thanks for rectifying, maybe no one will notice :p
The right way now:

1986 - 24. Januar: The American spacecraft Voyager 2 passes Uranus and sends several pictures of the planet and its moons. (This might be interesting for the one of us ruling Uranus :) )

[Nightshade]

1985- Live aid concerts rais over £50 million for famine relief.

[tainaprincess]

1984, February.
Anne Dobie Peebles of Sussex County, a 1944 alumna of the College of William and Mary, was elected the first woman rector in William and Mary's history.

[Pendragon]

1983--January 22 - Björn Borg retires from tennis after winning 5 consecutive Wimbledon championships.

[Idril]

1982 ~ 1st reports appear of death from cyanide-laced Tylenol capsules.

[Themis]

1981 - Greece becomes a member of the European Community

[Pendragon]

1980--January 11 - Nigel Short, 14, is the youngest chess player to be awarded the degree of International Master.

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1979: The first human-powered aircraft flies across the English Channel: Bryan Allen pilots the Gossamer Albatross from Folkestone, England, to Cap Gris-Nez, France (June 12).


http://www.achievement.org/achievers/mac0/large/mac0-047.jpg

[Scheherazade]

1978

- Pope John Paul II becomes the first non-Italian pope in centuries.

- The first computer bulletin board system is created.

- Garfield debuts in newspapers.

[RobinHood3000]

1977 - STAR WARS Episode IV: A New Hope appears in theaters. That's historic enough for me. :D :cool:

[Idril]

1976 ~ USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR. Syria drives Palestinian guerrillas out of Lebanon.

[Shalot]

1975

After the Viet Cong flag was raised in Saigon, South Vietnam surrendered. It signaled the end of a long and bloody battle. President Ford said the whole ordeal "closes a chapter in the American experience."

[Pendragon]

1974--March 1 - Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice.

On a personal note, I would fall three floors down a stairwell and shatter my left ankle. The doctor's would set the bones wrong, leading to surgery the next year.

[Schokokeks]

Sorry for your terrible experience with incompetent doctors, Pen !

1973: The cashpoint is patented on June 4.

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1972:

* January 5 - President of the United States Richard Nixon orders the development of a space shuttle program.
* February 4 - Mariner 9 sends pictures from Mars
* February 21 - The Soviet unmanned spacecraft Luna 20 lands on the Moon.
* March 2 - Launch of Pioneer 10 spacecraft.
* April 16 - Apollo 16 launched
* July 23 - The United States launches Landsat 1, first Earth-resources satellite.


http://www.solarviews.com/browse/craft/marin9.jpg

[Pendragon]

1971 February 9 - Satchel Paige becomes the first Negro League player to become voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. (Satch was one of my favorite pitchers and might have been the best there ever was!)

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1970: Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney (future founders of Atari) begin their attempt to create an arcade version of Spacewar, calling it Computer Space.


http://www.mediabistro.com/mbtoolbox/original/computerspace-thumb.jpg

[vheissu]

1969

The Beatles give their last public performance, on the roof of Apple Records. The improptu concert was broken up by the police.

In France, the first Concorde test flight is conducted.

July 20: First man on the moon!

[Schokokeks]

1968 - Martin Luther King is murdered in a hotel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4.

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1967:

October 3 - William J. Knight sets a new airspeed record in a North American X-15, of Mach 6.72 (4,543 mph, 7,297 km/h). This is the fastest flight that the X-15 will make.


http://www.daviddarling.info/images/X-15.jpg

[Pendragon]

1966

March 23 - Pope Paul VI and Arthur Michael Ramsey, the Archbishop of Canterbury, meet in Rome - the first official meeting for 400 years between the Roman Catholic and Anglican Churches. :angel:

[Schokokeks]

1965 : T.S. Eliot, born 1888, in St. Louis, dies on January 4 in London.

[Pendragon]

1964 January 11 - United States Surgeon General Luther Leonidas Terry reports that smoking may be hazardous to one's health (the first such statement from the U.S. government). :brow:

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1963: May 15 - Mercury program: NASA launches the last mission of the program, Mercury 9


http://www.spaceservicesinc.com/MemorialSpaceflights/images/memorial/explorers/Cooper_mercury_9_liftoff2.jpg

[Themis]

1962 - John Steinbeck receives the Nobel prize in literature

[Virgil]

1961 - The year Virgil was born!!!! What could be more important than that to me?

Ernest Hemingway commits suicide.

[Pendragon]

1960 March 6 — Vietnam War: The United States announces that 3,500 American soldiers are going to be sent to Vietnam.

And on Thanksgiving Day, in Womack Army Hospital, Fort Brag, NC, a baby boy is born who will one day be known around the globe as "Pendragon".

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1959: Rock stars Ritchie Valens, Buddy Holly and The Big Bopper die when the Beechcraft Bonanza they are traveling in crashes during a snow storm in Iowa.

Agfa introduces the first fully automatic camera, the Optima.

In New York City, Ingemar Johansson scored a 3rd round TKO over Floyd Patterson to win the World Heavyweight Championship

...and finally: Yours truly was born on Christmas Day

[Pendragon]

1958: January 8 - 14 year old Bobby Fischer wins the United States Chess Championship.

March 11 - U.S. B-47 bomber accidentally drops an atom bomb on Mars Bluff, South Carolina. Its conventional explosives destroy a house and injure several people, but no nuclear fission occurs.


August 3 - The nuclear powered submarine USS Nautilus (SSN-571) became the first vessel to cross the North Pole under water

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1957:

October 4 - Launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite:


http://www2.hs-esslingen.de/telehistory/pics/sputnik.gif

November 3 - Launch of Sputnik 2, with a dog called Laika on board, the first living thing sent into space.


http://www.daviddarling.info/images/Laika.jpg

December 6 - US attempt launch of Vanguard TV3 which fails after just two seconds in the air. This is why children of many US engineers learned to count in a new way: 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1..... Oh, S##t! ;)

[Tinita09]

1976- March 26 - Queen Elizabeth II, Sent the first royal e-mail

[Tinita09]

Sorry, wrong date

[Pendragon]

1956
January 8 - Operation Auca: Five U.S. missionaries are killed by the Huaorani of Ecuador shortly after making contact with them

April 19 - Actress Grace Kelly marries Prince Rainier III of Monaco.


June 14 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorizes the phrase "under God" should be added to the Pledge of Allegiance


December 2 - Fidel Castro and his followers land on Cuba in the boat Granma.

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1955

March 20 - Blackboard Jungle opens in theaters featuring the song Rock Around the Clock by Bill Haley and his Comets, thus propelling Rock and Roll as a musical genre. Teenagers jump from their seats to dance to the song.


http://www.nervous.co.uk/png/bck27112.png

July 17 - Disneyland opens.


http://www.ineedavacation.com/disneyland/graphics/50th_twilight_castle.jpg

September 30 - Actor James Dean killed in car accident near Cholame, California.

[cuppajoe_9]

1954: The United States Senate votes 67 to 22 to condemn Joseph McCarthy for "conduct that tends to bring the Senate into dishonor and disrepute." Church of Scientology founded in California.

[Birdy123]

1953- New Zealander Edmund Hilary and his sherpa Tenzing Norgay became the first people to reach the summit of Mount Everest.

[Pendragon]

1952 It was leap year!
February 6 - Elizabeth II becomes Queen upon the death of her father George VI.

April 28 - The Treaty of San Francisco goes into effect, formally ending the occupation of Japan


September 2 - Dr. C. Walton Lillehei and Dr. F. John Lewis perform first open-heart surgery at the University of Minnesota

[cuppajoe_9]

1951 - United Nations headquarters officially opens in New York. Chinese communist forces move into Lhasa, the capital of Tibet.

[Shakira]

1950

June 24, 1950 -
North Korea Invades the South. The Korean War began with an attack made by North Korean forces across the 38th parallel dividing North and South Korea. The attack was a complete surprise to the American administration. It was feared that this attack heralded the beginning of World War III.

[Pendragon]

1949 - January 17 - The first Volkswagen Beetle to arrive in the United States, a 1948 model, is brought over to New York by Dutch businessman Ben Pon. Unable to interest dealers or importers in the Volkswagen, Pon sells the sample car to pay his travel expenses. Only two 1949 models will be sold in America. that year, convincing Volkswagen chairman Heinrich Nordhoff that the car has no future in the U.S. (The VW Beetle goes on to become the greatest automobile phenomenon in American history.)

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1948:

January 5 - Warner Brothers shows the first color newsreel (Tournament of Roses Parade and the Rose Bowl).

June 24 - Cold War: The Berlin Blockade begins.

June 26 - the Berlin Airlift begins, with USAF, Royal Air Force, and British civil transport aircraft carrying supplies into West Berlin

[Pendragon]

1947 (Since the movie came out this year...) January 15 - Elizabeth Short (the "Black Dahlia") is found murdered

March 21 - Homer Collyer of the Collyer brothers is found dead in their house in Harlem, New York City. His brother is found April 8 (Interesting because the brothers lived like rats in a trash filled house but were actually fairly wealthy)

July 18 - President Harry S. Truman signs the Presidential Succession Act into law which places the Speaker of the House and the Senate President Pro Tempore next in the line of succession after the United States Vice President

November 20- The Princess Elizabeth, daughter of King George VI marries the Duke of Edinburgh at Westminster Abbey, London

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1946


ENIAC, the first non-classified all-electronic computer, becomes operational.

http://imrl.usu.edu/OSLO/images/eniac-01.gif

[Pendragon]

1945-- February 23 - World War II: Following the American victory at the Battle of Iwo Jima, a group of United States Marines reach the top of Mount Suribachi on the island and are photographed raising the American flag. The photo, Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima taken by Joe Rosenthal will later win a Pulitzer Prize.

April 28 - Italian dictator Benito Mussolini and his mistress, Clara Petacci, are executed by Italian partisans as they attempt to flee the country. Their bodies are then hung by their heels in the public square of Milan.

April 30 - Adolf Hitler and his wife of one day, Eva Braun, commit suicide as Red Army approaches Führerbunker in Berlin. Karl Dönitz succeeds Hitler as President of Germany. Joseph Goebbels succeeds Hitler as Chancellor of Germany.

May 8 - World War II: V-E Day (Victory in Europe, as Nazi Germany surrenders) commemorates the end of World War II in Europe.

July 28 - An Army Air Forces B-25 bomber accidentally crashes into the Empire State Building, killing 14 people

August 6 - World War II: the Atomic bombing of Hiroshima. The United States detonates an atomic bomb nicknamed "Little Boy" on Hiroshima, Japan at 8:16 AM (local time)

August 9 - World War II: The United States detonates an atomic bomb nicknamed "Fat Man" over the city of Nagasaki, Japan at 11:02 AM (local time).

August 15 - World War II: Emperor Hirohito announces Japan's surrender on the radio. The United States called this day V-J Day (Victory in Japan). This ends the period of Japanese expansionism and begins the period of Occupied Japan.

So much sorrow in one year... remember always that freedom is never free...

[AmericanEagle]

1944
June 6 - D-Day
Allied forces land on the beaches of Normandy

[Pendragon]

1943-- February 3 - World War II: The death of the Four Chaplains when their ship was struck by a torpedo. (Four very brave men, of various faiths stood together and united in prayer and song as the ship went under.)

March 13 - Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków (Hell comes to earth...)

May 24 - Holocaust: Josef Mengele becomes Chief Medical Officer in Auschwitz (And with it, the Devil...)

April 22 - Albert Hofmann writes his first report about the hallucinogenic properties of LSD, which he first synthesized in 1938. (Meanwhile, people try other means of seeing visions of bad things!)

September 8 - World War II: United States General Dwight D. Eisenhower publicly announces the surrender of Italy to the Allies and the USAAF bombed the German General Headquarter for the Mediterranean zone Frascati bombing raid September 8, 1943.

[AmericanEagle]

1942
February 9 - Daylight saving time goes into effect in the U. S.

[Pendragon]

1941 May 27 - World War II: German battleship Bismarck is sunk in North Atlantic killing 2,300.

July 31 - Holocaust: Under instructions from Adolf Hitler, Nazi official Hermann Göring, orders SS general Reinhard Heydrich to "submit to me as soon as possible a general plan of the administrative material and financial measures necessary for carrying out the desired final solution of the Jewish question."
(Plans for hell take shape.)

December 7, December 8 (in Japan standard time) - Japanese Navy launches a surprise attack consisting of two full regiments on the United States fleet at Pearl Harbor, thus drawing the United States into World War II. (Roosevelt 's "Day of Imfamy")

December 8 - World War II: The United States officially declares war on Japan.

December 8 - World War II: China officially declares war on Japan

December 8 - World War II: The Netherlands declares war on Japan

December 8 - World War II: Japan launches an invasion of Malaya.

December 11 - World War II: Germany declares war on the United States

[AmericanEagle]

1940 - August
Soviet Union annexes Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia

[RobinHood3000]

1939 - End of the Spanish Civil War. The Luftwaffe is primed for disillusionment in the Battle of Britain the next year.

[AmericanEagle]

1938
November 1 - Horse Racing
Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1937:

July 7 - The Second Sino-Japanese War begins, and keeps going until 1945!

December 21 - Walt Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the first feature-length animated cartoon, opens and becomes a smash hit.

[AmericanEagle]

1936 - August 1
The Summer Olympics begin in Berlin, Germany

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1935.

January 11-12 – Amelia Earhart makes the first solo flight across the Pacific from Honolulu, Hawaii to Oakland, California.

March 22 - Germany begin regular television service in Berlin using an 180 line electronic television system. It is seen only in public viewing rooms seating 30 people each.

March 28 - Robert Goddard launches the world's first successful liquid-fuelled rocket.

April 26 - France begins broadcasting regular transmissions from the top of the Eiffel Tower

September 11 - Final transmission of John Logie Baird’s 30-line television system by the BBC. The BBC begins preparations for a regular high definition broadcasting service from Alexandra Palace.

[AmericanEagle]

1934 - December 9
British actress Judi Dench is born

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1933:

January 30 - Adolf Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany by President of Germany Paul von Hindenburg.

February 27 - Germany's parliament building in Berlin, the Reichstag, is set on fire (see: Reichstag fire).

March 23 - The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.

April 26 - Gestapo established.

May 2 - Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler bans trade unions.

June 21 - All non-Nazi parties forbidden in Germany

July 14 - Forming new political parties forbidden in Germany.

September 12 - Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.

October 16 - Germany announces intention to leave the League of Nations - officially

Busy year...

[RobinHood3000]

Indeed, Hitler moves fast.

1932 - Total Solar Eclipse!

[RobinHood3000]

1931 - Deuterium discovered.

[Pendragon]

March 2 - Mohandas Gandhi informs British viceroy of India that civil disobedience would begin nine days later

March 12 - Mohandas Gandhi sets off to a 200-mile protest march towards the sea with 78 followers to protest the British monopoly on salt - more will join them during the Salt March that ends on April 5


July 26 - Charles Creighton and James Hargis of Missouri begin their return journey to Los Angeles - driving 11 555 km using only a reverse gear. The trip lasts the next 42 days

August 9 - Betty Boop premiers in the animated film Dizzy Dishes.

October 5 - British Airship R101 crashed in France en-route to India on its maiden voyage. (This is interesting, because it was claimed to have been witnessed by a psychic, who lead authorites to the downed craft.)

[AmericanEagle]

1929 - May 16
First Academy Awards

[cuppajoe_9]

1928 - Tich Freeman becomes only bowler ever to take 200 first-class wickets before end of July. If you understand that sentence, you qualify for an EU pasport. Or maybe a trip to Kolkata.

[MissJaneEyre19]

1927- the great mississippi flood.

that, and my grandpop was born. :)

[Pendragon]

1926

April 21 - Princess Elizabeth born in London

May 18 - Evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson disappears while visiting a Venice, California beach. (In a shocking scandal, she is discovered later, and claims kidnapping, later proven to be false, she was with a lover.)

October 31 - Magician Harry Houdini dies of gangrene and peritonitis that developed after his appendix ruptured

December 3 - Agatha Christie disappears from her home in Surrey; on December 14 she is found in Harrogate hotel

[cuppajoe_9]

1925 - Bennito Mussolini gains dictatorial control over all of Italy. Adolf Hitler publishes Mein Kampf and F. Scott Fitzgerald publishes The Great Gatsby (one of my favorite books). John Scopes is arrested for teaching Charles Darwin's theory of evolution.

[Pendragon]

1924

January 21 - Vladimir Lenin dies and Joseph Stalin begins to purge his rivals to clear way for his leadership.

February 8 - Death penalty: The first state execution using gas in the United States takes place in Nevada.

April 1 - Adolf Hitler is sentenced to five years in jail for his participation in the Beer Hall Putsch. However he was only in jail for nine months.

June 2 - U.S. President Calvin Coolidge signs the Indian Citizenship Act into law, granting citizenship to all Native Americans born within the territorial limits of the United States. (So kind of him to declare them citizens of what was once their own country!)

June 8 - George Mallory and Andrew Irvine are last seen "going strong for the top" of Mount Everest by teammate Noel Odell at 12:50 PM. The two mountaineers were never seen alive again (Note the word alive. The bodies were found but for an unexplained reason, their camera was missing. This was the one piece of evidence that would have proved whether or not they made it to the peak. Hummmm.)

November 19 - In Los Angeles, California, famous silent film director Thomas Ince ("The Father of the Western") dies, reportedly of a heart attack, in his bed (rumors soon surface that he was shot dead by publishing tycoon William Randolph Hearst).

[Bookworm89]

1923

March 9 - Vladimir Len suffers third stroke (unfortunately, he didn't die...)

[AmericanEagle]

1922 - February 2
Ulysses by James Joyce is published in Paris

[Whifflingpin]

1921
June 23 - Emir Faisal crowned King of Iraq
August 31 - official end of the Great War
Nov 21 - Afghan treaty signed
Dec 23 - Mr Newman makes break of 1274 at billiards.

.

[Riesa]

1920
the year prohibition went into effect.

[cuppajoe_9]

1919 - Communists take control of Berlin for seven days. Arthur Eddington tests and confirms Albert Einstein's theory of general realtivity. The Treaty of Versailles is signed ending WWI. Health officials declare the Spanish Flu pandemic over.

[RJbibliophil]

1918

A Finnish civil war happened.

Some German troops moved around.

A trainwreck in Tennessee kills 101 people.

The Boston Red Sox played some baseball.

Russian Tsar and his family are executed.

Austria repuclicizes.

[cuppajoe_9]

1917 - Mata Hari is arested for spying. The Russian Revolution begins. The first Pulitzer Prizes are awarded. Two freighters colide in Halifax Harbour causing a huge explosion that kills nearly 2000 people (my great grandmother, fortunately for the existance of this post, is not among them), injurs 9000 and destroys part of the city.

[kilted exile]

1916 - Battle of the Somme, 60,000 Allied troops killed on first day - Thinking that probably aint correct, but its all I can remember from my history class currently (about 10 yrs ago....probably should've paid attention)

[cuppajoe_9]

1915 - Battle of Sari Bair begins - The Allies mount a diversionary attack timed to coincide with a major Allied landing of reinforcements at Suvla Bay. Typhoid Mary is isolated. Einstein fromulates the theory of General Relativity.

[Pendragon]

1914

January 5 - Ford Motor Company announces an eight-hour workday and a minimum wage of $5 for a day's labor.

June 28 - Serbian terrorist Gavrilo Princip assassinates and kills Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Duchess Sophie

July 11 - Baseball legend Babe Ruth makes his major league debut with the Red Sox

July 28 - World War I begins: Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia after it fails to meet the conditions of an ultimatum it set on July 23 following the Sarajevo assassination.

August 1 - Germany declares war on Russia, following Russia's military mobilization in support of Serbia.
August 2 - German troops occupy Luxembourg.
August 2 - Secret treaty between Turkey and Germany to secure Turkish neutrality
August 3 - Germany declares war on Russia's ally France.
August 4 - German troops invade neutral Belgium. Britain declares war on Germany after the latter fails to respect Belgian neutrality. The United States declares neutrality.
August 5 - USA and Panama sign the Panama Canal Treaty
August 8 - German colonial forces execute Martin-Paul Samba for high treason.
August 15 - The Panama Canal opens to traffic.
August 15 - Venustiano Carranza's troops under general Alvaro Obregon enter Mexico City
August 17-September 2 - World War I: Battle of Tannenberg
August 20 - World War I: German forces occupy Brussels.
August 23 - Japan declares war on Germany.
August 26-27 - The Battle of Le Cateau.
August 28 - The Battle of Heligoland - British cruisers under admiral Beatty sink three German cruisers.

December 24 - World War I: British and German soldiers interrupted World War I to celebrate Christmas, beginning the Christmas truce.

[miss tenderness]

1913>>>>>>>>!

[AmericanEagle]

1912 - April 14
The Titanic sinks

[Pendragon]

1911

January 3 - In London, in what becomes known as the Siege of Sidney Street, the Metropolitan Police and the Scots Guards engage in a shootout with a criminal gang of Latvian anarchists held up in a building in the East End.

March 24 - Denmark abolishes death penalty and flogging

April 30 - Sparks from a burning hayshed ignite the Great Fire of 1911, destroying much of downtown Bangor, Maine

September 20 - The liner RMS Olympic, sister ship to the RMS Titanic, collides with Royal Navy cruiser HMS Hawke outside Southampton, England.

December 14 - Roald Amundsen's expedition reaches the South Pole

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1910

May 18 - The earth passes through the tail of Comet Halley.

June 22 - First flight of Zeppelin airship.

November 23 - Last execution in Sweden (by guillotine) - murderer Johan Ander

December 16 - In Houndsditch, London, four (Latvian) anarchists shoot three policemen in botched raid on a jewellers - three are arrested, other members of the gang escape but are later (January 1911) cornered in the 'siege of Sidney Street'.

[AmericanEagle]

1909 - November 11
US Navy founds navy base in Pearl Harbor

[cuppajoe_9]

1908 - Robert Peary sets sail for the North Pole. Winston Churchill is ordained as a Druid in England. Really. The University of Alberta is founded just outside of Edmonton (which quickly expands to encompass it).

[Pendragon]

1907

January 23 - Charles Curtis from Kansas becomes the first Native American US Senator.

July 6 - Guardians of Irish Crown Jewels notice that they have been stolen.
(I thought the word notice there was priceless!)

October 24 - A major American financial crisis was averted when J. P. Morgan, E. H. Harriman, James Stillman, Henry Clay Frick, and other Wall Street financiers created a $25,000,000 pool to invest in the shares on the plunging New York Stock Exchange leading to the bank panic of 1907.

November 16 - Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory become Oklahoma and are admitted as the 46th U.S. state.

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1906

January 31 - Earthquake in Ecuador (8.6 in Richter scale).

March 15 - Rolls-Royce Ltd. is registered.

April 7 - Mount Vesuvius erupts and devastates Naples.

April 18 - 1906 San Francisco earthquake on the San Andreas Fault destroys much of San Francisco, California, killing at least 3000. 225,000-300,000 left homeless. $350 million in damages. The estimated magnitude of the earthquake is 7.8.

September 18 - Typhoon with tsunami kills an estimated 10,000 persons in Hong Kong.

December 26 - The world's first feature film, "The Story of the Kelly Gang", is released.

[Pendragon]

1905

January 2 - Russo-Japanese War: The Russian Army surrenders at Port Arthur, China; an event which shocked the world.
January 22 (January 9 on the Julian calandard is use at the time) - Bloody Sunday massacre of Russian demonstrators at the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg, one of the triggers of the abortive Russian Revolution of 1905.

April - Albert Einstein works on the special theory of relativity as well as the theory of Brownian motion

September 5 - Russo-Japanese War: Treaty of Portsmouth signed - In New Hampshire a treaty mediated by US President Theodore Roosevelt, is signed by victor Japan and defeated party Russia. In the agreement, Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin and port and rail rights in Manchuria to Japan.

October 30 - Tsar Nicholas II is forced to grant Russia's first constitution, conceding a national assembly (Duma) with limited powers.

Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer banned from Brooklyn Public Library for "bad example" (Censorship has been around a long time!) :rolleyes:

[miss tenderness]

1904.......................

[Pendragon]

1903

January 19 - First transatlantic radio broadcast between United States and England.

March 14 - The Hay-Herran Treaty, granting the United States the right to build the Panama Canal, is ratified by the United States Senate. The Colombian Senate would later reject the treaty.

July 23 - Dr. Ernst Pfenning of Chicago becomes the first owner of a Ford Model A.

July 1-19 - First Tour de France – Maurice Garin wins

November 18 - The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty is signed by the United States and Panama, giving the Americans exclusive rights over the Panama Canal Zone.

December 17 - Orville Wright flies aircraft with a petrol engine at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in first documented successful controlled powered heavier-than-air flight.
December 30 - A fire at the Iroquois Theater in Chicago kills 600.

[tucsongirl]

*1901*

March 17 - A showing of 71 Vincent van Gogh paintings in Paris, 11 years after his death, creates a sensation.

July 4 - The 1,282 foot (390 meters) covered bridge crossing the St.John River at Hartland, New Brunswick, Canada opens. It is the longest covered bridge in the world

December 10 - Marie Curie receives doctorate. The first Nobel Prize ceremony is held in Stockholm on the fifth anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death

[tucsongirl]

Oops sorry, I missed 1902! I'm bad.

[miss tenderness]

1904..................................

[miss tenderness]

1905!........

:lol:,Tucs!

[Pendragon]

What's with the repeats? A time machine?

1900

January 29 - The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs is organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania with eight founding teams. (Take me out to the ball game ....)

February 11 - Second Boer War: Colonel Hannay begins invasion of Orange Free State with march from Orange River to Ramdam


March 24 - New York City Mayor Van Wyck breaks ground for a new underground "Rapid Transit Railroad" that would link Manhattan and Brooklyn.



April 14 - Paris World Exhibition opens

May 17 - Boxers destroy three villages near Peking and kill 60 Chinese Christians

June 1 - Carrie Nation demolishes 25 saloons in Medicine Lodge

July 2 - First zeppelin flight on Lake Constance near Friedrichshafen, Germany

August 14 - An international contingent of troops, under British command, invades Peking and frees the Europeans taken hostage.

September 8 - Galveston Hurricane of 1900: a powerful hurricane hits Galveston, Texas killing about 8,000 people

October - The Norwegian inventor Johann Vaaler demands a patent for his invention, the paperclip

November 3 - the first automobile show in the United States opened at New York's Madison Square Garden under the auspices of the Automobile Club of America.

December 18 - The Upper Ferntree Gully to Gembrook Narrow-gauge (2 ft 6 in or 762 mm) Railway (now the Puffing Billy Railway) in Victoria, Australia opened for traffic.

[miss tenderness]

1989..........

[Eufrosyne]

1898 hmm.. I googeld it, and the most important thing was the creation of pepsi cola!! Since this is a literature-forum, there was something about an articel by Emile Zola...

[toni]

1897- The Birth of American Writer (One of Virgil's favorite) William Faulkner

[Whifflingpin]

1896
Jan 1: Jameson raid fails.
May 1: Shah of Persia assassinated

.

[AmericanEagle]

1895 - December 28
Auguste and Louis Lumiere display their first moving picture film

[cuppajoe_9]

1894 - New Zealand becomes the first country to pass a minimum wage law. Coxey's Army marches to Washington D.C. to protest unemployment. 12, 000 New York City taylors and 3, 000 Illinois auto-plant workers stirke independantly for better working conditions. Martial Bourdin and Jean Pauwels attempt to strike a blow for the same by bombing the Grenwich Observatory and the Madeline Church is Paris, respectively. Both are unscucessful. Bourdin is arrested and Pauwels dies in the attempt.

Interesting year for labour.

[AmericanEagle]

1893 - February 21
Thomas Edison receives two U.S. patents

[cuppajoe_9]

1892 - Ellis Island begins accepting immigrants to the United States. James Naismith publishes the rules of basketball. Sport never recovers. The family of Lizzie Borden is found murdered.

[Pendragon]

1891

The Year At a Glance!

January 1 - Paying of old age pensions begins in Germany
January 20 - Jim Hogg becomes the first native Texan to be governor of that state.
January 29 - Liliuokalani proclaimed Queen of Hawaii
January 31 - The Portuguese republican revolution broke out in the northern city of Porto.
February 14 - In the FA cup Quarter Final, a goal is deliberately stopped by handball on the goal line. An Indirect free kick is awarded, since the Penalty kick was proposed that year but not implemented. This event probably changed public opinion on the penalty kick, which was seen as 'an Irishman's motion' before. (See William McCrum.)
March 3 - The International Copyright Act of 1891 was passed by the 51st Congress of the United States of America
March 9 - 12 - Powerful storm off England's south coast; 14 ships sink
March 14 - In New Orleans, lynch mob storms the Old Parish Prison and lynches eleven Italians arrested but found innocent for the murder of Police Chief David Hennessey.
March 17 - The British steamship SS Utopia sinks off the coast of Gibraltar, killing 574.
April 1 - The Wrigley Company is founded in Chicago.
May 1 - Nine killed and thirty wounded when troops fire on workers' May Day demonstration in support of eight-hour workday in Fourmies, France.
May 5 - The Music Hall in New York (now known as Carnegie Hall) has its grand opening and first public performance, with maestro Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky as the guest conductor.
May 11 - Otsu Scandal
May 15 - Roman Catholic Pope Leo XIII issues the encyclical "Rerum Novarum" resulting in the creation of many Christian Democrat Parties throughout Europe.
May 20 - First public display of Thomas Alva Edison's prototype kinetoscope (shown at Edison's Laboratory for a convention of the National Federation of Women's Clubs).
June 16 - John Abbott becomes Canada's third prime minister.
June 21 - First long-distance transmission of Alternating current by the Ames power plant near Telluride, Colorado by Lucien and Paul Nunn.
August 27 - France and Russia conclude defensive alliance.
October 1 - In California, Stanford University opens its doors
October 27 - An 8.0 earthquake strikes the village of Utsuzumi in rural Gifu, Japan, killing over 7,000 across the region and creating a 3-meter-tall surface fault that is still visible today
December 29 - Thomas Edison patents the radio

[cuppajoe_9]

1890 - Kaiser Wilhelm II gives Otto von Bismark the old heave-ho. Idaho and Wyoming become the 43rd and 44th U.S. States. Vincent van Gogh, greatest painter the world has ever seen, commits suicide. Corrugated cardboard is invented. Ho Chi Minh, Grouch Marx, Dwight Eisenhower and Jelly Roll Morton are born.

[AmericanEagle]

1889 - March 31
The Eiffel Tower is inaugurated

[cuppajoe_9]

1887 - In one of the most serious miscariages of justice in US history, August Spies, Albert Parsons, Adolph Fischer, George Engel, Louis Lingg, Michael Schwab, and Samuel Fielden are hanged for inciting riot and murder in the Haymarket Riot, in which a bomb thrown by persons unknown killed eight policemen. No evidence was ever presented that any of them had anything to do with the bomb and one of them, Spies, was not present at the demonstration. They were, plain and simple, executed for organising the Haymarket rally and for being anarchists. All seven are pardoned by Illinois governor John Peter Altgeld six years later when they are dead and it is of no use to them.

[Shalot]

1886 - Chicago - The Haymarket Riots

[Schokokeks]

1887 - The Japanese company Yamaha is founded.

[miss tenderness]

1888>>>>>>>>>>>nice one!

[Pendragon]

1886

Can't believe 1888 went by without a reference to Jack the Ripper!

The Year at a glance:

January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England.

January 29 - Karl Benz patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile.

February 14 - First trainload of oranges left Los Angeles via the transcontinental railroad.

March ? - Linfield F.C. is formed in Belfast

March 17 - Carrollton Massacre: 20 African Americans are killed in Mississippi.

April 25 - Easter occurs on latest possible date (next in 1943)

May 1 - the start of the general strike in the United States which escalated into Haymarket Riot and eventually won the eight-hour workday in the U.S.

May 4 - Emil Berliner started working on inventing the gramophone.

May 8 - Pharmacist Dr. John Stith Pemberton invents a carbonated beverage that would be named "Coca-Cola."

May 10 - The Football Association approves N. L. Jackson's proposal that each player be awarded a cap for each international match in which he plays.

May 29 - Chemist John Pemberton begins to advertise Coca-Cola (ad in the Atlanta Journal).

June 2 - U.S. President Grover Cleveland marries Frances Folsom in the White House, becoming the first and only president to wed in the executive mansion. She is 27 years his junior.

June 10 - Eruption of Mount Tarawera volcano in New Zealand, resulting in the deaths of over 150 people and the destruction of the famous Pink and White Terraces.

June 30 - Royal Holloway, University of London opened by Queen Victoria in Surrey United Kingdom.

July 25 ? Steve Brodie fakes a jump from the Brooklyn Bridge

June 13 - A fire devastates much of Vancouver, British Columbia.

August 4 ? William Ewart Gladstone fails to secure enough support for the Irish Home Rule in the British parliament

August 20 - A massive hurricane demolishes the town of Indianola, Texas

August 31 - Huge Earthquake hits South Carolina USA. Earthquake rods installed afterwards... Much Damage.

September 4 - Indian Wars: After almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo surrenders with his last band of warriors to General Nelson Miles at Skeleton Canyon in Arizona.

September 15 - First day of school in the newly founded Alhambra School District.

October 7 - Spain abolishes slavery in Cuba.

October 28 - In New York Harbor, US President Grover Cleveland dedicates the Statue of Liberty.

November 30 - Folies Bergère stages its first revue.

[Whifflingpin]

1885

Jan 26 - Death of General Gordon in Khartoum, Soudan.

[Shalot]

Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born in New York City on October 11, 1884, daughter of lovely Anna Hall and Elliott Roosevelt, younger brother of Theodore.

[toni]

1883

Feb. 28. 1st US vaudeville theater opens (Boston)

May 6 Start of Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of Speckled Band" (BG)

July 3 Franz Kafka born on Czech, author (Metamorphosis, Trial, Amerika)

Aug. 1 Inland postal service begins in Great Britain

Aug 26 Krakatoa erupts with increasingly large explosions kills 36,000

[Pendragon]

1882

April 3 - Old West outlaw Jesse James, passing under the name of Howard, is shot in the back and killed in his own home by Robert Ford for a $5,000 reward. Strangely, Bob Ford and his brother put on a stage play entitled "How I Killed Jesse James." It was not a success. Bob Ford lived to hear himself vilified as " The dirty little coward who shot Mr. Howard and laid poor Jesse in his grave." Ford was latter shot and killed himself for mouthing off to the wrong man while drunk.

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1881:

Louis Pasteur discovers a vaccine for anthrax

January 25 - Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company.

April 28 - Billy the Kid escapes from New Mexico jail.

July 20 - Indian Wars: Sioux chief Sitting Bull leads the last of his fugitive people in surrender to United States troops at Fort Buford in Montana.

October 26 - Gunfight at the O.K. Corral in Tombstone, Cochise County, Arizona, USA.

November 19 - A meteorite struck earth near the village of Großliebenthal, a few kilometers southwest of Odessa, Ukraine.

[Pendragon]

1880


February 2 - The first electric streetlight is installed in Wabash, Indiana.


May 13 - In Menlo Park, New Jersey, Thomas Edison performs the first test of his electric railway.

July 1 - First performance of O Canada, the song that would become the national anthem of Canada.
July 16 - First woman licensed to practice medicine in Canada - Dr. Emily Howard Stowe.
August 30 - First complete railroad trip made from Houston to New Orleans on the Texas and New Orleans Railroad.


October - terrible winter storm in North America, the "Blizzard of 1880".

October 15 - Mexican soldiers kill Victorio, one of the greatest Apache military strategists.

November - James Garfield defeats Winfield S. Hancock in the U.S. presidential election.
November 4 - The first cash register was patented by James and John Ritty of Dayton, Ohio.

November 11 - Australian bushranger and bank robber Ned Kelly is hanged in Melbourne. Known as "The Knight in Rusty Armor" for the bullet-proof armor he had made for himself and his gang. Kelly was the only man strong enough to wear a full suit. They got him by shooting him in the unprotected legs.

December 20 - Action at Bronkhorstspruit, the first major action of the First Boer War.

[miss tenderness]

1879................

[Whifflingpin]

....... Jan 8 - General Roberts occupies Kandahar
Jan 22 - Zulus trounce British at Isandhwala
June 26 - Khedive of Egypt deposed
Aug 28 - Cetewayo, king of Zulus, captured
Oct 12 - Roberts occupies Kabul
Dec 28 - Tay bridge disaster

[AmericanEagle]

1877 - November 21
Thomas Edison announces his invention of the phonograph

[Pendragon]

1878

October 1 - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) opens as Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. (This is of local interest, as Virginia Tech is about 75 miles away in Blacksburg, VA. and many of us are dedicated Hokie fans!) http://i94.photobucket.com/albums/l108/AbsalomKane/HokieBird-Football.jpg

[AmericanEagle]

1876 - July 4
The United States celebrates its centennial

[Shalot]

1875

February 25 - The majority of the Yavapai (Wipukyipai) and Tonto Apache (Dil Zhéé) tribes were forced by the U.S. Calvary under command of Brigadier General George Crook to walk at gunpoint from the Arizona's Verde Valley, now named the towns of Camp Verde and Clarkdale and the cities of Cottonwood and Sedona to the San Carlos Indian Reservation, 180 miles to the southeast. The two tribes were not allowed to return to the Verde Valley until 1900.

[toni]

1874

July 1- The first public zoo in the U.S. opens, at Philadelphia.


July 24 - Mathew Evans and Henry Woodward patent the first incandescent lamp with an electric light bulb.


October 19 - Modern University of Zagreb founded in Zagreb

November 4 - Democrats regain the U.S. House of Representatives for the first time since 1860.

November 7 - Harper's Weekly publishes a cartoon by Thomas Nast considered the first important use of an elephant as a symbol for the Republican Party.

November 10 - John Ernst Worrell Keely demonstrates his "induction resonance motion motor" (later investigation reveals fraud behind another perpetual motion machine).


November 25 - The United States Greenback Party is established as a political party made primarily of farmers financially hurt by the Panic of 1873.

[Pendragon]

1873

January 17 - Indian Wars: First Battle of the Stronghold during the Modoc War. (Modoc War. Interesting title. As anyone who has read Bury My Heart At Wounded Knee would probably agree.)

April 15 - 17 - Indian Wars: Second Battle of the Stronghold

June 4 - Indian Wars: The Modoc War ends with the capture of Captain Jack. (How did they capture Captain Jack? The very members of his tribe that urged him to fight and persuaded him to kill an army general turned tratior and turned him in. He was hanged.)

[AmericanEagle]

1872 - December 12
Meteorite strikes Earth near Banbury, England

[Pendragon]

1871

October 8 - Four major fires break out on the shores of Lake Michigan in Chicago, Peshtigo, Wisconsin, Holland, Michigan, and Manistee, Michigan. The Great Chicago Fire is the most famous of these, having left nearly 100,000 people homeless, although the Peshtigo Fire killed as many as 2,500 people making it the deadliest fire in United States history.

[Laindessiel]

1870

Buffalo hunters begin moving onto the plains, brought there by the expanding railroads and the growing market for hides and meat back east. In little more than a decade, they reduce the once numberless herd to an endangered species.

Railroad companies begin massive advertising campaigns to attract settlers to their land grants in the West, sending agents to rural areas in the eastern states and throughout Europe to distribute handbills, posters and pamphlets that tout the rich soil and favorable climate of the region. But the higher costs of railroad land compared to public lands, and the fact that railroads pay no taxes on their lands, soon stirs charges of extortion, leading to state laws controlling railroad rates and land sale practices by the decade's end.

[Nightshade]

1869


:D:D:D:D:D:D:D:D:):)


somthing is wrong with the smilies!!!*gasp**

[Whifflingpin]

1868
April: Magdala in Ethiopia captured by British - Emperor Theodore commits suicide
June: Michael III of Serbia assassinated
September: Queen Isabella II of Spain deposed

[AmericanEagle]

1867 - July 1
The Dominion of Canada is created by the British North America Act

[Whifflingpin]

1866
Austro-Prussian war.
Austro-Italian war.
Gen Crook (and my great-grandpa) start fighting Snake River Indians.

.

[vheissu]

1865

Lewis Carroll publishes Alice's adventures in Wonderland

Gregor Mendel formulate his theories of Mendelian inheritance-they are mainly ignored for years....and then I go and study them! :)

In the market square of Springlefield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots Dave Tutt dead in what is regarded as the first true western showdown

[Pendragon]

1864


February 27 - American Civil War: The first Northern prisoners arrive at the Confederate prison at Andersonville, Georgia. also george bush made his first sandwitch (This place was hell on earth.)

May 5 - American Civil War: The Battle of the Wilderness begins in Spotsylvania County, Virginia.

May 7 - American Civil War: The Army of the Potomac, under General Ulysses S. Grant, breaks off from the Battle of the Wilderness and moves southwards.

May 11 - American Civil War: Battle of Yellow Tavern - Confederate General JEB Stuart is mortally wounded at Yellow Tavern, Virginia.

May 12 - American Civil War: Battle of Spotsylvania Court House: The "Bloody Angle" - thousands of Union and Confederate soldiers die.

May 13 - American Civil War: Battle of Resaca - the battle begins with Union General Sherman fighting toward Atlanta.

May 15 - American Civil War: Battle of New Market, Virginia - Students from the Virginia Military Institute fight alongside the Confederate Army to force Union General Franz Sigel out of the Shenandoah Valley.

May 18 - Civil War gold hoax - New York World and the New York Journal of Commerce publish a fake proclamation that president Abraham Lincoln has issued a draft of 400,000 more soldiers

May 20 - American Civil War: Battle of Ware Bottom Church - In the Virginia Bermuda Hundred Campaign, 10,000 troops fight in this Confederate victory

June 5 - American Civil War: Battle of Piedmont - Union forces under General David Hunter defeat a Confederate army at Piedmont, West Virginia, taking nearly 1,000 prisoners.

June 10 - American Civil War: Battle of Brice's Crossroads - Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.

June 12 - American Civil War: Battle of Cold Harbor: - General Ulysses S. Grant pulls his troops from their positions at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.

June 15 - Arlington National Cemetery is established when 200 acres (0.8 km²) of the grounds of Robert E. Lee's home Arlington House are officially set-aside as a military cemetery by U.S. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.

June 15 - American Civil War: Battle of Petersburg begins - Union forces under General Grant and troops led by Confederate General Robert E. Lee battle for the last time

July 18 - President Lincoln issues a true proclamation of conscription of 500.000 men for the US Civil War

July 20 - American Civil War: Battle of Peachtree Creek - Near Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate forces led by General John Bell Hood unsuccessfully attack Union troops under General William T. Sherman.

July 22 - American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta - Outside of Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General Sherman on Bald Hill.

July 24 - American Civil War: Battle of Kernstown - Confederate General Jubal Early defeats Union troops led by General George Crook in an effort to keep the Yankees out of the Shenandoah Valley.

July 28 - American Civil War: Battle of Ezra Church begins - Confederate troops led by General Hood make a third unsuccessful attempt to drive Union forces under General Sherman from Atlanta, Georgia.

July 29 - American Civil War: Confederate spy Belle Boyd is arrested by Union troops and detained at the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, DC.

July 30 - American Civil War: Battle of the Crater - Union forces attempt to break Confederate lines by exploding a large bomb under their trenches.

August 5 - American Civil War: Battle of Mobile Bay begins - At Mobile Bay near Mobile, Alabama, Admiral David Farragut leads a Union flotilla through Confederate defenses and seals one of the last major Southern ports.

August 18 - American Civil War: Battle of Globe Tavern - Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant try to cut a vital Confederate supply-line into Petersburg, Virginia, by attacking the Weldon Railroad, forcing the Confederates to use wagons.

August 31 - American Civil War: Union forces led by General William T. Sherman launch an assault on Atlanta, Georgia.

September 1 - American Civil War: Confederate General Hood evacuates Atlanta after a four month siege mounted by Union General Sherman.

September 2 - American Civil War: Union forces under General Sherman enter Atlanta a day after the Confederate defenders fled the city.

September 7 - American Civil War: Atlanta, Georgia is evacuated on orders of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman

October 2 - American Civil War: Battle of Saltville - Union forces attack Saltville, Virginia but are defeated by Confederate troops. (Just across the mountain from the house!)

October 9 - American Civil War: Battle of Tom's Brook - Union cavalrymen in the Shenandoah Valley defeat Confederate forces at Tom's Brook, Virginia.

October 28 - American Civil War: Second Battle of Fair Oaks ends - Union forces under General Ulysses S. Grant withdraw from Fair Oaks, Virginia, after failing to breach the Confederate defenses around Richmond, Virginia.

November 4 - American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville - At Johnsonville, Tennessee, troops under the command of Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest bombard a Union supply base with artillery and destroy millions of dollars in materiel.

November 8 - U.S. presidential election, 1864: Abraham Lincoln is reelected in an overwhelming victory over George McClellan.

November 15 - American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea begins - Union General Sherman burns Atlanta and starts to move south, destroying everything in his path in order to punish the Confederates for starting the war.


November 22 - American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea: Confederate General John Bell Hood invades Tennessee in an unsuccessful attempt to draw Union General Sherman from Georgia.

November 29 - Indian Wars: Sand Creek Massacre - Colorado volunteers led by Colonel John Chivington massacre at least 400 Cheyenne and Arapahoe noncombatants at Sand Creek, Colorado (where they had been given permission to camp).(This was the most despicable act of many done by the white people against Native Anericans!)

November 30 - American Civil War: Battle of Franklin - The Army of Tennessee led by General Hood mounts a dramatically unsuccessful frontal assault on Union positions around Franklin, Tennessee (Hood lost six generals and almost a third of his troops).

December 4 - American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea - At Waynesboro, Georgia, forces under Union General Judson Kilpatrick prevent troops led by Confederate General Joseph Wheeler from interfering with Union General Sherman's campaign of destroying a wide swath of the South on his march to Savannah, GA (Union forces did suffer more than three times the casualties as the Confederates, however).

December 15-16 - American Civil War: Union forces decisively defeat the Confederate Army of Tennessee at the Battle of Nashville

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1863

January 1 - Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the second year of the American Civil War making slavery's abolition in the rebel states an official war goal.

January 10 - The first section of the London Underground Railway opens (Paddington to Farringdon Street).

January 21 - Adam Opel founded Opel AG.

April 30 - the Battle of Camarón in Mexico - 65 soldiers of the French Foreign Legion fight 2000 Mexicans - three of them survive the battle.

May 1 – May 4 - American Civil War: General Robert E. Lee defeats Union forces at the Battle of Chancellorsville with 13,001 Confederate casualties, among them Stonewall Jackson lost to friendly fire, and 17,500 Union casualties.

July 1 - 3 - American Civil War: Union forces under George G. Meade turn back a Confederate invasion by Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Gettysburg, the largest battle of the war. 28,000 Confederate casualties, 23,000 Union.

August 17 - American Civil War: In Charleston, South Carolina, Union batteries and ships bombard Confederate-held Fort Sumter. Bombardment will not end until Thursday, December 31

October 15 - American Civil War: The first successful (?) submarine, the CSS Hunley sinks during a test, killing Horace Lawson Hunley (its inventor) and a crew of seven.

[Pendragon]

Forget trying to edit! :flare:

[Pendragon]

1862

January 30 - The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched.


February 1 - Julia Ward Howe's "Battle Hymn of the Republic" is published for the first time (Atlantic Monthly).

February 6 - American Civil War: Ulysses S. Grant gives the United States its first victory of the war, by capturing Fort Henry, Tennessee, known as the Battle of Fort Henry.

February 15 - American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant attacks Fort Donelson, Tennessee and captures it the next day.

February 22 - American Civil War: Jefferson Davis officially inaugurated in Richmond, Virginia, to a six-year term as president of the Confederate States of America.

March 7 - American Civil War: Confederates shut out of Missouri at The Battle of Pea Ridge.

March 8 - American Civil War: The iron-clad CSS Virginia (formerly USS Merrimack) is launched at Hampton Roads, Virginia.

March 9 - American Civil War: First battle between two ironclad warships USS Monitor v CSS Virginia

March 13 American Civil War: The US federal government forbids all Union army officers from returning fugitive slaves, thus effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation.

March 28 - American Civil War: Battle of Glorieta Pass - In New Mexico Union forces succeed in stopping the Confederate invasion of New Mexico territory. The battle began on March 26.

April 5 - American Civil War: Battle of Yorktown - The battle begins when Union forces under General George McClellan close in on the Confederate capital Richmond, Virginia.

April 6 - American Civil War: In Tennessee, the Battle of Shiloh begins.

April 7 - American Civil War: Battle of Shiloh - Union Army under General Ulysses S. Grant defeats the Confederates near Shiloh, Tennessee.

April 12 - American Civil War: Andrew's Raid - Union The Great Locomotive Chase

May 11 - American Civil War: The ironclad CSS Virginia is scuttled in the James River northwest of Norfolk, Virginia.

May 15 - U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs a bill into law creating the United States Bureau of Agriculture (later renamed USDA).

May 20 - U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs the Homestead Act into law.

June 1 - American Civil War: Battle of Fair Oaks ends - Both sides claim victory.

June 4 - American Civil War: Confederate troops evacuate Fort Pillow on the Mississippi River, leaving the way clear for Union troops to take Memphis, Tennessee.

June 6 - American Civil War: Battle of Memphis - Union forces capture Memphis, Tennessee from the Confederates

June 8 - American Civil War: Battle of Cross Keys - Confederate forces under General Stonewall Jackson save the Army of Northern Virginia from a Union assault on the James Peninsula led by General George McClellan.

July 1 - Marriage of Princess Alice, second daughter of Queen Victoria to Prince Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine.

July 1 - United States president Abraham Lincoln signs into law the Pacific Railway Acts authorizing construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad.

July 2 - U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs the Morrill Land Grant Act into law, creating land-grant colleges to teach agricultural and mechanical sciences across the United States.

July 16 - American Civil War: David G. Farragut becomes the first United States Navy rear admiral.

July 19 - American Civil War: Morgan's Raid - At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.

July 23 - American Civil War: Henry W. Halleck takes command of the Union Army.


August 2 - American Civil War: Skirmish at Taberville, MO -Union forces force Confederate troops to march south, near Taberville, Missouri

August 5 - American Civil War: Battle of Baton Rouge - Along the Mississippi River near Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Confederate troops drive Union forces back into the city.

August 6 - American Civil War: The Confederate ironclad CSS Arkansas is scuttled on the Mississippi River after suffering damage in a battle with the USS Essex near Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

August 9 - American Civil War: Battle of Cedar Mountain - At Cedar Mountain, Virginia, Confederate General Stonewall Jackson narrowly defeats Union forces under General John Pope.

August 17 - Indian Wars: Lakota (Sioux) uprising begins in Minnesota as desperate Lakota attack white settlements along the Minnesota River. They will be overwhelmed by the US military six weeks later.

August 19 - Indian Wars: During an uprising in Minnesota, Lakota warriors decide not to attack heavily-defended Fort Ridgely and instead turn to the settlement of New Ulm, killing white settlers along the way.

August 28-August 30 - American Civil War: Second Battle of Bull Run (If you're a Yankee, that's Manasas!)


......* September 1 - American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly - Confederate General Robert E. Lee leads his forces in an attack on retreating Union troops in Chantilly, Virginia, driving them away.

September 2 - American Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln reluctantly restores Union General George McClellan to full command after General John Pope's disastrous defeat at the Battle of Second Bull Run.

September 5 - American Civil War: In the Confederacy's first invasion of the North, General Robert E. Lee leads 55,000 men of the Army of Northern Virginia across the Potomac River at White's Ford near Leesburg, Virginia, into Maryland.

September 12 - American Civil War: Battle of Harpers Ferry - Confederates capture the Union garrison at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia.

September 17 - American Civil War: Battle of Antietam - Union forces defeat Confederate troops at Sharpsburg, Maryland, in the bloodiest day in U.S. history (with over 22,000 casualties). (Us Southerners never heard of Sharpsburg-- Antienam, we knew.)

September 19 - American Civil War: Battle of Iuka - Union troops under Major General William Rosecrans defeat a Confederate force commanded by Major General Sterling Price at Iuka, Mississippi.

September 22 - American Civil War: Preliminary announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation by President Abraham Lincoln

October 8 - American Civil War: Battle of Perryville - Union forces under General Don Carlos Buell halt the Confederate invasion of Kentucky by defeating troops led by General Braxton Bragg at Perryville, Kentucky.

October 11 - American Civil War: In the aftermath of the Battle of Antietam, Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart and his men loot Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, during a raid into the north.

November 5 - American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln removes George McClellan as commander of the Union Army.

November 5 - Indian Wars: In Minnesota, more than 300 Santee Sioux are found guilty of rape and murder of white settlers and are sentenced to hang.

November 14 - American Civil War: Union President Abraham Lincoln approves General Ambrose Burnside's plan to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia (this led to a dramatic Union defeat at the Battle of Fredericksburg on December 13).

November 28 - American Civil War: Battle of Cane Hill - Union troops led by General John Blunt push back Confederate forces commanded by General John Marmaduke into northwestern Arkansas' Boston Mountains.

December 2 - First US Navy hospital ships enter service

December 18 - General Order No. 11 is issued by General Ulysses S. Grant.

December 26 – William D. Duly hangs 38 Dakota Sioux in Minnesota

December 26 -December 29 - American Civil War: Battle of Chickasaw Bayou.

December 30 - The USS Monitor sinks off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina (I go there on vacation, The Graveyard of the Atlantic!)

December 31 - American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln signs an act that admits West Virginia to the Union (thus dividing Virginia in two); meanwhile, the Battle of Stones River is fought near Murfreesboro, Tennessee. (We didn't mind!)

[Whifflingpin]

1861

March 17: Victor Emmanuel recognised as King of Italy
June 6: Death of Count Cavour

[toni]

1860

1860 AD -2nd Maori War Begins -The Second Maori war was fought from 1860-1872 between British colonist and native New Zealanders on the North Island. At the end of the largely guerilla war the natives were granted half the island.

1860 Garibaldi's men invade Sicily.

May- J. M. Barrie, writer of Peter Pan, born

June- Great Eastern arrives in New York

August-Prince of Wales visits United States

November-Abraham Lincoln elected sixteenth president of United States

[Pendragon]

1859


January 24 - Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexander John Cuza under the name Romania (see December 1, 1918 for the final unification, Transylvania and other regions were still missing at this time).
.

February 14 - Oregon is admitted as the 33rd U.S. state.

February 27 - US congressman Daniel Sickles shoots Philip Barton Key for having an affair with his wife

March 26 - French amateur astronomer claims to have noticed a planet closer to the Sun than Mercury - later named Vulcan

April 25 - Ground is broken for the Suez Canal



May 21 - The bell Big Ben first activated

June 6 - The British Crown colony of Queensland in Australia is created by devolving part of the territory of New South Wales


July 6 - Australia: Queensland is established as a separate colony from New South Wales.


July 11 - Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph, faced with an expensive war against France and the Kingdom of Sardinia and potential revolution in Hungary, meets Napoleon III, who also worries at the costs of extending the war and fears the effects of Italian nationalism, at Villafranca. By the preliminary treaty signed there, hostilities cease. Lombardy is ceded to the French (who immediately cede it to Sardinia), while the Austrians keep Venetia and the French promise to restore the Central Italian rulers expelled in the course of the war. This brings the Austro-Sardinian War effectively to a close.


August 27 - Edwin Drake drills the first oil well in the United States, near Titusville, Pennsylvania

[September 2 - Peak of the great auroral storm seen nearly worldwide in the northern hemisphere.

September 18 - Joshua A. Norton proclaims himself "Emperor of These United States" (A very colorful character, well worth reading about!)


October 6 - Thomas Austin takes 24 rabbits and 5 hares to Australia in order to release them there as a game. They will multiply exponentially. (And how!)

October 12 - Self-described "Emperor of the United States" Joshua A. Norton 'orders' the U.S. Congress to dissolve.

October 16 - John Brown raids Harper's Ferry in Virginia, the signal for a general slave rebellion.

October 18 - Troops under Colonel Robert E. Lee overpower Brown at the Federal arsenal.


November 1 - The current Cape Lookout, North Carolina, lighthouse was lighted for the first time. Its first-order Fresnel lens can be seen for nineteen miles.



November 24 - British naturalist Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Species, a book which argues that organisms gradually evolve through natural selection. (It immediately sold out its initial print run.)


December 2 - Militant abolitionist leader John Brown is hanged for his October 16th raid on Harper's Ferry.

[AmericanEagle]

1858 - July 29
The United States and Japan sign the Harris Treaty

[Whifflingpin]

1857 -
Great Indian Mutiny
Sir Charles Wheatstone (inventer of the accordion) introduces "ticker tape" for use with telegraph.
Jan 9: Earthquake in San Francisco
Feb 22: Robert Baden-Powell, founder of Scout movement, born
Dec 3: Joseph Conrad born

[AmericanEagle]

1856 - January 29
Queen Victoria institutes the Victoria Cross

[RobinHood3000]

1855 - The Great Train Robbery, in which several thousand pounds worth of gold, destined for the Crimean War, was stolen from a moving freight car on the Ashford-Folkestone rail line.

[Pendragon]

1854

October 25 - Crimean War: The Battle of Balaclava occurs, overall a victory for the allies, but it included the disastrous cavalry Charge of the Light Brigade, from which only 200 of 700 men survive. (Somehow the poem says "600") http://www.clicksmilies.com/s1106/fragend/confused-smiley-013.gif

[Whifflingpin]

1853
Taiping Rebellion in China
US President Pierce arrested in office for running over old lady with his horse – case dropped for lack of evidence.
March 30: Vincent Van Gogh born
April : Harriet Tubman starts “underground railway” to liberate slaves.
Nov 30: Russians destroy Turkish fleet off Sinop

[Pendragon]

1852


November 2 - Democrat Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire defeats Whig Winfield Scott of Virginia in the U.S. presidential election

Even most American's who read this will say "Who?" He was one of the most forgettable presidents we ever had. This except from his biography explains why to some extent:

His good looks and inoffensive personality caused him to make many friends, but he suffered tragedy in his personal life and as president subsequently made decisions which were widely criticized and divisive in their effects, thus giving him the reputation as one of the worst presidents in U.S. history. Pierce's popularity in the North went down sharply after he came out in favor of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, repealing the Missouri Compromise and reopening the question of the expansion of slavery in the West. Pierce's credibility was further damaged when several of his foreign ministers issued the Ostend Manifesto. Historian David Potter concludes that the Ostend Manifesto and the Kansas-Nebraska Act were "the two great calamities of the Franklin Pierce administration.... Both brought down an avalanche of public criticism." More important says Potter, they permanently discredited Manifest Destiny and popular sovereignty. [Potter 1976 p 193]

Abandoned by his party, Pierce was not renominated at the 1856 presidential election and was replaced by James Buchanan. After losing the Democratic nomination, Pierce continued his lifelong struggle with alcoholism as his marriage to Jane Means Appleton Pierce fell apart. His reputation was further damaged when he declared support for the Confederacy and died in 1869 from cirrhosis.

[vheissu]

1851

Victor Hugo gives speech at the French national assembly and uses the phrase United States of Europe several times (why?)

The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations in the Crystal Palace, Hyde Park, London is opened by Queen Victoria

The New York Times is founded

Reuters news service founded

Herman Melville's novel "Moby Dick" is published

[toni]

1851

January 11 - Taiping Rebellion: Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion.


January 23 - The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in Oregon is named after Boston, Massachusetts, or Portland, Maine, with Portland winning.


March 1 - Victor Hugo gives speech at the French national assembly and uses the phrase United States of Europe several times


March 27 - First reported case of white men seeing Yosemite Valley.


July - The immortal game, a famous chess game, is played.


July 1 - Colony of Victoria separates from New South Wales.


September 18 - The New York Times is founded.


October - Reuters news service founded.


November 14 - Herman Melville's novel Moby-Dick is published in the U.S. by Harper & Brothers, New York - after it was first published on October 18, by Richard Bentley, London.


December 26-27 - Royal Navy warship bombards Lagos island; Oba Kosoko is wounded and flees to Epe.



December 29 - The first YMCA opens, in Boston, Massachusetts.

[toni]

we posted a minute apart! Oh geez. :)

[vheissu]

:) that's quite weird!!
But hey, you put more stuff! Who knew we'd give so much importance to 1851!?

[AmericanEagle]

1850
Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter is published

[Shalot]

1849

On April 10, 1849 Walter Hunt patented the safety pin

[Whifflingpin]

Yay - I get 1848 - riots and rebellion all over Europe and the Americas - Sicily, Venezuela, Rome, Pest in Hungary, Sweden, Milan, Messina, Munich, Paris. England, Switzerland (one of the few successful.)

Thoreau publishes "Civil Disobedience"
Karl Marx publishes "The Communist Manifesto"
Women were revolting in Seneca Falls.

[camel lights]

June 1st 1847 – First communist congress in London

[AmericanEagle]

1846 - September 23
Neptune is discovered

[Pendragon]

1845

January 29 - The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is published for the first time (New York Evening Mirror).

March 4 - James K. Polk succeeds John Tyler as President of the United States of America

December 2 - Manifest Destiny: US President James Polk announces to Congress that the Monroe Doctrine should be strictly enforced and that the United States should aggressively expand into the West

Beginning of the Irish potato famine

[toni]

1844

January 15 - University of Notre Dame receives its charter from Indiana.


February 27 - The Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti.


February 28 - A gun on USS Princeton explodes while the boat is on a Potomac River cruise, killing two United States Cabinet members and several others.


March 8 - King Oscar I ascends to the throne of Sweden-Norway.


May 24 - First electrical telegram sent by Samuel Morse from Baltimore, Maryland to Washington, D.C., saying "What hath God wrought?".


June 15 - Charles Goodyear receives a patent for vulcanization, a process to strengthen rubber.


June 22 - Influential North American fraternity Delta Kappa Epsilon is founded at Yale University.


November 6 - The Dominican Republic drafts its first Constitution.


November 23 - Birth of Karl Benz, German automotive pioneer

First ever international cricket match is played in New York City between Canada and the United States.

[Pendragon]

1843


May 22 - The first major wagon train headed for the northwest sets out with one thousand pioneers from Elm Grove, Missouri on the Oregon Trail.

November 28 - Ka La Ku'oko'a: Hawaiian Independence Day. The Kingdom of Hawai`i was officially recognized by the United Kingdom and France as an independent nation. (Hummmmm.....)

First publication of Edgar Allan Poe's short story The Tell-Tale Heart.

[toni]

1842


February 21 - John J. Greenough patents the sewing machine.

March 9 - Giuseppe Verdi's third opera Nabucco premieres in Milan; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera writers.

May 8 - Two trains collide in Paris and catch fire - 59 dead

June 4 - In South Africa, hunter Dick King rides into British military base in Grahamstown to warn that Boers have besieged Durban. He had left 11 days earlier. British army dispatches a relief force.


December 20 - The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina is established.

[Schokokeks]

1841 - The United Kingdom occupies Hong Kong on January 26.

[AmericanEagle]

1840 - May 1
Britain issues the world's first postage stamp

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1839

January 2 1st photo of the Moon (French photographer Louis Daguerre)

January 24 Charles Darwin elected member of Royal Society

February 24 - William Otis receives a patent for the steam shovel.

March 9 Prussian government limits work week for children to 51 hours

April 9 - The world's first commercial electric telegraph line comes into operation alongside the Great Western Railway line from Paddington station to West Drayton.

November 17 - Giuseppe Verdi's first opera, Oberto, conte di San Bonifacio opens in Milan.

[Laindessiel]

Year 1838

November 5 - Proteins discovered by Jöns Jakob Berzelius

- First British-Afghan War begins

September 7 - The paddlesteamer Forfarshire foundered on the Farne
Islands, UK, giving rise to the fame of Grace Darling, who
rescued nine passengers.

August 1 - Trinidad & Tobago: Slavery officially abolished

May 26 - USA: Trail of Tears - forced relocation of the Cherokee tribe, killing 4,000.

[Schokokeks]

1837 - Queen Victoria, monarch of the United Kingdom ascends to the throne on June 20.

[Kelly_Sprout]

1836
John Wesley wrote that "the time, times and half a time" of Revelation 12:14 were 1058*1836, "when Christ should come" (apud A. M. Morris, The Prophecies Unveiled, p. 361)

[toni]

1835

January 1 – Ole Pedersen Hoiland breaks into the Bank of Norway and steals 64.000 dollars


January 7 - HMS Beagle anchors off the Chonos Archipelago.


January 30 - Unsuccessful assassination attempt against President Andrew Jackson in the United States Capitol - first assassination attempt against a President of the United States.


March 2 - Ferdinand becomes Emperor of Austria.


September 7 – Charles Darwin arrives at Galapagos Islands aboard HMS Beagle


November 16 - Comet Halley reaches perihelion, its closest approach to the sun.


November 19 - A force of 500 Māori invade and enslave the peoples of the Chatham Islands.


December 1 - Hans Christian Andersen publishes first book of fairy tales.

[toni]

1834

January 1 - Abolition of customs charges at borders within Germany.

January 3 - The government of Mexico imprisons Stephen F. Austin in Mexico City.
February 8 - Birth of Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist

February 9 - Birth of Felix Dahn, German author

March 6 - York, Upper Canada is incorporated as Toronto.

June 7 - Greek independence general Theodoros Kolokotronis is sentenced to death for treason for resisting the rule of Otto of Greece (he is released next year).

July 16 - William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne succeeds Earl Grey as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

July 24 - End of the Liberal Wars in Portugal.

August 1 - Slavery abolished in the British Empire (see Slavery Abolition Act).

August 15 - South Australia Act allows for the creation of a colony there.

December 10 - Sir Robert Peel succeeds Lord Melbourne as Prime Minister of the UK

[Schokokeks]

1833: Oberlin College Ohio is opened - the first college to admit women and black students.

[toni]

1832

January 6 -Birth of Gustave Doré, French painter and sculptor (died 1883)

January 27 - Birth of Lewis Carroll, English author (died 1898)

February 12 - Ecuador annexes the Galapagos Islands.

February 12 – Cholera breaks out in London, claiming at least 3000 victims. It spreads to France and North America later this year.

April 6 - USA: The Black Hawk War begins.

May 7 - The Treaty of London creates an independent Kingdom of Greece. Otto of Wittelsbach, Prince of Bavaria is chosen King. Thus begins the History of modern Greece.

September 21 - Death of Sir Walter Scott, Scottish writer (born 1771)

November 29 - Birth of Louisa May Alcott, American author (died 1888)


December 4 - Battle of Antwerp: The last remaining Dutch enforcement, the citadel, is under French attack.

December 15 - Birth of Gustave Eiffel, French engineer (died 1923)

[Pendragon]

1831

February-March - Revolts in Modena, Parma and the Papal States are put down by Austrian troops.

February 2 - Pope Gregory XVI succeeds Pope Pius VIII as the 252nd pope.

February 14 - Ras Marye of Yejju marches into Tigray and defeats and kills the warlord Sabagadis in the Battle of Debre Abbay.

February 20 - Battle of Grochow. Polish rebel forces divide a Russian army.

March 10 - French Foreign Legion founded.

March 29 - The Great Bosnian uprising

April 7 - Pedro I of Brazil abdicates as emperor of Brazil in favor of his son Pedro II of Brazil.

May 26 - Battle of Ostroleka. The Poles fight another indecisive battle.

July 21 - Inauguration of Léopold I of Belgium, first king of the Belgians.

August 2 - Dutch invasion of Belgium. It is repelled by a French army (ten-day campaign).

August 21 - USA: Outbreak of Nat Turner's slave rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia. (Death November 11 - Nat Turner, American slave rebel (b. 1800)

September 6-8 - Battle of Warsaw - The Russians take the Polish capital and crush resistance.

December 27 - Charles Darwin embarks on his historic journey aboard the HMS Beagle.

December 31 - Gramercy Park is deeded to New York City.

[toni]

1830

February 3 - Greece gains full independence from the Ottoman Empire as the final result of the Greek War of Independence. Negotiations for the borders between the two states continue until 1832, under the supervision of Russia, France and Britain.

May 13 - Ecuador separates from Gran Colombia.

June 26 - William IV succeeds George IV as King of the United Kingdom.

July 18 - Uruguay adopts its first constitution.

July 20 - Greece grants citizenship to Jews.

July 27 - France: Beginning of the July Revolution

August 9 - France: Louis Philippe becomes King of the French

November 22 - The Whig Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey succeeds Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

November 29 - Beginning of a major Polish insurrection in Warsaw against Russian rule

December 10 - Birth of Emily Dickinson, American poet

[toni]

1829

January 19 - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust premieres.

March 4 - USA: Andrew Jackson succeeds John Quincy Adams as the President of the United States of America.

March 12 - First Oxford and Cambridge boat race held on the River Thames in London.

March 22 - Greece receives autonomy from the Ottoman Empire. This effectively ends the Greek War of Independence. Greece continues to seek full independence through diplomatic negotiations with the Empire as well as with Russia, France and Britain.

March 31 - Pope Pius VIII succeeds Pope Leo XII as the 251st pope

July 2 - Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829: Russian Field-Marshal Hans Karl von Diebitsch launches the Transbalkan offensive, which would bring the Russian army within 68 km from Istanbul.

July 23 - In the United States, William Burt obtains the first patent for a writing mechanism.

December 4 - India: In the face of fierce opposition, British Lord William Bentinck carries a regulation declaring that all who abetted suttee in India were guilty of culpable homicide.

[toni]

1828

January 4 - France: The Vicomte de Martignac succeeds the Comte de Villèle as Prime Minister of France.

January 22 - UK: The Duke of Wellington succeeds Lord Goderich as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

February 8 - Birth of Jules Verne, French author (d. 1905)


August 27 – South America: Brazil and Argentina recognize the independence of Uruguay.

September 9-Birth of Russian author Leo Tolstoy

September 29 - Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829: Varna is taken by the Russian army.

December 3 - U.S. presidential election: Andrew Jackson is elected President of the United States

[Schokokeks]

1827

Kingdow of Hawaii: Diocese of Honolulu founded on July 14. :geek: I never knew Hawaii once was a monarchy :blush:.

Oh, and on March 8, Wilhelm Bleek was born. He was a German linguist. Probably one of the lesser know heros of that time :D.

[toni]

1826

February 11 - University College London is founded, under the name University of London

June - Photography: Nicéphore Niépce makes a true photograph.

Early July - Ludwig van Beethoven put the finishing touches on the String Quartet in C sharp Minor, Opus 131, the jewel in the crown of his late string quartets.

July 4 - Death of Thomas Jefferson, 3rd President of the United States (b. 1743)

July 4 - Death John Adams, 2nd President of the United States (b. 1735)


July 26 - Cholera epidemic begins in India

[vheissu]

1825

July 14 - The Jefferson Literary and Debating Society was founded by 16 disgruntled members of the now-defunct Patrick Henry Society in Room 7, West Lawn....dunno why I laughed when I first read it!


August 6 - Bolivia gains independence from Peru as a republic with the instigation of Simón Bolívar.

August 25 - Uruguay declares independence from Brazil.

September 7 - Brazil Gains independence from Portugal

September 27 - The world's first modern railway, the Stockton and Darlington Railway opens in England.


First roller skates.

Aluminium discovered.

City of Brisbane founded

[toni]

1824

January 8 - After much controversy, Michael Faraday is finally elected as a member of the Royal Society with only one vote against

May 7 - one of Beethoven's greatest masterpieces, Symphony No. 9, premieres in Vienna

July 27 - Birth of Alexandre Dumas, fils, French writer

September 16 - Charles X succeeds Louis XVIII as King of France.

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1823

September 10 - Simón Bolívar named President of Peru

Ferdinand VII revokes the Spanish Constitution of 1812 and restores absolute monarchy.

[AmericanEagle]

1822 - December 27
French scientist Louis Pasteur is born

[vheissu]

1821

March 25 - Greece declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire, beginning the Greek War of Independence.

September 27 - Mexico gains its independence from Spain.

April 9 - Charles-Pierre Baudelaire is born

November 11 - Fyodor Dostoevsky is born

December 12 - Gustave Flaubert

February 23 - John Keats dies

[Pendragon]

1820

Spring - Joseph Smith, Jr. at the age 14 was visited in a vision by God and Jesus Christ known by Latter-day Saints as the First Vision (Tradition holds that this occurred on April 6) This marks the founding of what today is the Mormon Church, or The Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-day Saints.

After Smith was murdered in 1844 at the hands of a mob in Carthage, Illinois jail, the largest body of Latter-day Saints followed Brigham Young, who eventually became President of his denomination, in an exodus to the Salt Lake Valley, arriving there in July of 1847. Smaller groups of Saints followed other claimants to the church presidency, some staying behind in Nauvoo, Illinois, and others dispersing to separate locations.

The term Mormon continues to be used to refer to members of this group that followed Brigham Young, including The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, but not to related smaller denominations that separated from this group over issues such as polygamy. Individual leaders within the hierarchy of the LDS Church have sometimes made explicit effort to reject the use of the term "Mormon," as it does not include a reference to Jesus, whom the church asserts to be its central figure. As a general policy, however, while the church prefers the use of its full name, use of the term LDS or Mormon is not considered offensive or incorrect.

[toni]

1819

February 8 - Birth of John Ruskin, English writer, artist, and social critic

February 22 - Birth of James Russell Lowell, American poet and essayist

May 31 - Birth of Walt Whitman, American poet

August 6 Norwich University founded by Captain Alden Partridge in Vermont as the first private military school in the United States.

August 1 -birth of Herman Melville, American novelist

November 22 - Birth of George Eliot, British novelist

December 14 - Alabama is admitted as the 22nd U.S. state.

[Whifflingpin]

1818

Feb 6: Bernadotte becomes King of Sweden as Charles XIV.
Emily Bronte (author of one novel) born
James Joule (physicist) born
Charles Gounod (composer) born
Frederick Douglass (abolitionist etc) born
Karl Marx (political theorist) born

Caspar Wessel (geometer and mathematician) died

"Frankenstein" published

Great Rebellion fails against British in Ceylon (Sri Lanka)

[Pendragon]

1817

March 4 - James Monroe succeeds James Madison as the President of the United States of America.

July 12 - Henry David Thoreau, American philosopher, Born (d. 1862)

July 18 - Jane Austen, English novelist, Died (b. 1775)

[toni]

1816

The feared Chinese New Year of the Fire Rat begins in January.

Known as the "Year Without A Summer" or "Eighteen-hundred-and-froze-to-death" in the northern hemisphere due to global cooling caused by the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption that had occurred in 1815.

April 21 - Birth of Charlotte Brontë, British novelist

June 19 - Battle of Seven Oaks between Hudson Bay and Northwest fur-trading companies, near Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.


July 9 - Argentina gains independence from Spain


November - James Monroe defeats Rufus King in U.S. presidential election.


December 11 - Indiana is admitted as the 19th U.S. state.

[vheissu]

1815

War of 1812: Battle of New Orleans

February 3 - The first commercial cheese factory is founded in Switzerland...love cheese!!!

March 20 - Napoleon enters Paris after escaping from Elba with a regular army of 140,000 and a volunteer force of around 200,000 beginning his "Hundred Days" rule.

April 5-April 12 - Mount Tambora in the Dutch East Indies blows its top during an eruption event. Upwards of 92,000 are killed during this eruption. The event is the cause of 1816 becoming known as the Year Without a Summer.

June 18 - Battle of Waterloo ends the Napoleonic wars.

unknown date: First-class cricket begins :confused:

[AmericanEagle]

1814 - September 14
Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner

[Whifflingpin]

1813
Jan 10 - 14 Luddites executed at York

May 2 - battle at Lutzen
June 21 - battle of Vittoria
Oct 7 - France invaded
Oct 16-18 - Napoleon defeated at Leipsic

May 22 - Wagner born in Leipsic
Oct 9 - Verdi born
Kierkegaard born
Charles Harpur (Australian poet) born

Lagrange (greatest mathematician of C18th) dies

[Pendragon]

1812

February 7 - The last New Madrid Earthquake strikes New Madrid, Missouri, with an estimated moment magnitude of over 8. It has been said that it made the Mississippi River flow backwards for a time!


Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815)-Peninsular War/Sixth Coalition/Patriotic War of 1812

War of 1812 (1812-1815)

[aeroport]

1811 - birth of Franz Liszt!

[toni]

1810

January 10 - Marriage of Napoleon and Josephine is annulled

March 11 - Napoleon marries Marie-Louise of Austria.

April 27 - Beethoven composes his famous piano piece, Für Elise.

June 8 - Birth of Robert Schumann, German composer

July 20 - Colombia declares independence from Spain

September 16 - Dieciséis de septiembre, the Mexican War of Independence of the Republic of Mexico.

unknown date: King George III of the United Kingdom recognized as insane.

[Whifflingpin]

1809

Sir John Moore died at Corunna

Feb 12 - Abe Lincoln born, in a log cabin that he'd built himself.

[Pendragon]

Nice joke, Wiff! I remember when that one went around! :)

1808

January 1 - Importation of slaves into the United States is banned; this is also the earliest day under the United States Constitution that an amendment could be made restricting slavery. (How the Mighty have fallen! Why didn't they do that in the first place, pray tell?)

[Whifflingpin]

this is also the earliest day under the United States Constitution that an amendment could be made restricting slavery. (How the Mighty have fallen! Why didn't they do that in the first place, pray tell?)

Maybe because most of the Founding Fathers owned slaves?


Oh, while I'm here -

1807 -
Slave Trade abolished in the British Empire

Louis Agassiz born

H.W. Longfellow born

Constitution of Hayti - (article 2 "Slavery in Hayti is forever abolished")

And the Napoleonic War was still in full swing in Europe.

[Pendragon]

1806

No doubt you are quite correct, Wiff, my friend. Quite correct indeed.

Back to the year in question:

March 23 - After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their journey home.

March 29 - Construction authorized of the Great National Pike, better known as the Cumberland Road, becoming the first United States federal highway.


May 30 - Andrew Jackson kills a man in a duel after the man had accused Jackson's wife of bigamy. (Another sterling founding father!)

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1805

May 26 - In Milan's cathedral, Napoleon I of France crowns himself King of Italy with the Iron Crown of Lombardy

June 4 - The first Trooping the Colour ceremony at the Horse Guards Parade in London

October 21 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Trafalgar - British naval fleet led by Admiral Horatio Nelson defeats a combined French and Spanish fleet off the coast of Spain. Admiral Nelson is fatally shot

[Whifflingpin]

1804

Convict rebellion in Australia ends at Battle of Vinegar Hill, near Sydney.
White Lotus rebellion ends in China
Kant died - or appeared to die
Pierre Méchain, astronomer and cartographer, died
Nat. Hawthorne born
Benjamin Disraeli born

[Pendragon]

1803

January 4 - William Symington demonstrates his Charlotte Dundas, the "first practical steamboat".

January 30 - Monroe and Livingston sail for Paris to discuss, and possibly buy, New Orleans. They end completing the Louisiana Purchase.

February 21 - Edward Despard and six others are hanged, drawn and quartered for plotting to assassinate king George III and to destroy the Bank of England

February 24 - The Supreme Court of the United States, in Marbury v. Madison, establishes the principle of judicial review.

March 1 - Ohio is admitted as the 17th U.S. state, retroactive from August 7, 1953.

April 30 - Louisiana Purchase made by the United States from France.

May 18 - The United Kingdom redeclares war on France after France refused to withdraw from Dutch territory.

July 4 - The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people. (A habit Goverment still keep-- do now, tell 'em later!)

July 5 - The convention of Artlenburg leads to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).

July 23 - Robert Emmet's uprising in Ireland begins

July 26 - The wagonway between Wandsworth and Croydon is opened, being the first public railway line of the world.

August 3 – British begin Second Anglo-Maratha War against Sindhia of Gwalior

September 20 - Irish rebel Robert Emmet is executed

September 23 - The Battle of Assaye in India – British-lead troops defeat Maratha forces

October 20 - Senate ratifies the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, doubling the size of the United States.

November 30 - At the Cabildo building in New Orleans, Spanish representatives Governor Manuel de Salcedo and the Marqués de Casa Calvo, officially transfer Louisiana Territory to French representative Prefect Pierre Clément de Laussat (just 20 days later, France had transferred the same land to the United States as the Louisiana Purchase).

[Now let's see if I got this right. Jan. the deal is compleated. April, purchase actually made. July 4, purchase is publically announced. October, Congress, at least the Senate, finially ratifies the purchase. Nov. France actually gains possession of the land it has already sold to the USA. Anyone else see anything wrong with this picture? ]:confused: :rolleyes:

[RobinHood3000]

Bureaucracy at worK? :p

1802: Sonata Quasi Una Fantasia, better known as the "Moonlight Sonata," is performed for the first time...

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1802

March 25/27 - Treaty of Amiens between France and United Kingdom ends the War of the Second Coalition.

April 26 - A general amnesty signed by Napoleon Bonaparte allowed all but about one thousand of the most notorious émigrés of the French Revolution to return to France, as part of a reconciliary gesture to make peace with the various factions of the Ancien Regime that would ultimately consolidate his own rule.

August 2 - In a plebiscite Napoleon Bonaparte is confirmed as consul for life.

The estimated world population reached 1 billion people.

[davoarid]

1801. On November 10th, Kentucky outlaws dueling. :)

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1800

May 15 - Napoleon Bonaparte crosses the Alps and invades Italy.

June 14 - Battle of Marengo, Napoleon defeats the Austrian troops near Marengo, Italy.

June 2 - First smallpox vaccination in North America, at Trinity, Newfoundland.

June 27 - Pascha Jussuf Karamanli of Tripoli declares war on Sweden by having the flagpole on the consulate chopped down.

Invention of the voltaic pile by Alessandro Volta: the first chemical battery.

[AmericanEagle]

1799 - November 9
Napoleon overthrows the French Directory

[Pendragon]

1798

July 11 - The United States Marine Corps was (re-?)established.

July 14 - The Alien and Sedition Acts become United States law making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government

[toni]

1797

February 14 - The Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1797), part of the Wars of the French Revolution.

February 22 - The Last invasion of Britain begins. French forces under the command of American Colonel William Tate land near Fishguard in Wales.

March 4 - John Adams succeeds George Washington as the President of the United States of America.

May 12 - First Coalition: Napoleon I of France conquers Venice, ending the 1070 years of independence of the city. The last doge of Venice, Ludovico Manin, steps down.

August 30 - Birth of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, English writer (died 1851

October 21 - December 17 - Napoleon leads a successful French charge against Fort l'Aiguilette to secure Toulon.

Joseph Haydn composes the music to "Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser," the tune of which also became the music to the German national anthem, "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles"

November 29 - Death of Samuel Langdon, American President of Harvard University (born 1723)

[Pendragon]

1796
January 16 - First Dutch (and general) elections for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. The next Dutch general elections were in 1917.


February 1 - The capital of Upper Canada is moved from Newark to York.

February 9 - The Qianlong Emperor abdicates at age 84 to make way for his son, the Jiaqing Emperor.


March 9 - Widow Joséphine de Beauharnais marries General Napoléon Bonaparte.

March 30 - Carl Gauss obtained conditions for the constructibility by ruler and compass of regular polygons and was able to announce that the regular 17-gon was constructible by ruler and compasses.

April 2 - The only night of would-be Shakespearean play of Vortigern and Rowena (actually written by William Henry Ireland) ends into audience's laughter.

April 27 - The Case of the Lyons Mail. During the night from the 27th to the 28th of April, five highwaymen attack the mail between Paris and Lyon, kill the postmen, and steal the funds sent to the armies in Italy.


May 10 - First Coalition: Gen. Napoleon Bonaparte wins a decisive victory against Austrian forces at Lodi bridge over the River Adda in Italy. The Austrians lose some 2,000 men.

May 14 - Edward Jenner administers the first smallpox vaccination.


May 15 - Napoleon's troops take Milan.

June 1 - Tennessee is admitted as the 16th U.S. state.

July 10 - Carl Friedrich Gauss discovered that every positive integer is representable as a sum of at most three triangular numbers.

July 11 - The U.S. takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain under terms of the Jay Treaty.


September 8 - French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Bassano - French forces defeat Austrian troops at Bassano.

September 17 - U.S. President George Washington issues his Farewell Address, which warns against partisan politics and foreign entanglements.


November: John Adams defeats Thomas Jefferson in the U.S. presidential election

November 4 - The Treaty of Tripoli (between the United States and Tripoli) is signed at Tripoli (see also 1797).

November 6 Old Style - Catherine II of Russia called Catherine "The Great" dies and is succeeded by her son Paul I of Russia. His wife Sophie Marie Dorothea of Württemberg becomes Empress consort.

November 17 - French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Arcole - French forces defeat the Austrians in Italy.

December 7 - U.S. Electoral College meets to elect John Adams president

[Whifflingpin]

1795
James Boswell dies
Thomas Linley, comoser, dies
Keats born
Duchy of Courland (Latvia) asorbed into Russia.

[AmericanEagle]

1794 - February 4
The French Republic abolishes slavery

[Whifflingpin]

1793
America's first circus started by John Bill Rickets
Louis XVI of France executed
Thousands died in yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia
Nikolai Lobachevsky (Russian mathematician, pioneers of non-Euclidean geometry) born
Felicia Hemans born (you know - "The boy stood on the burning deck...")
Lord Macartney reached court of China - to be told that China had no need of anything that the West could offer.

[AmericanEagle]

1792 - August 4
British poet Percy Bysshe Shelley is born

[Pendragon]

1791

January 25 - The British Parliament passes the Constitutional Act of 1791, splitting the old province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada.

March 2 - Long-distance communication speeds up with the unveiling of a semaphore machine in Paris.

March 4 - Vermont is admitted as the 14th U.S. state.

May 3 - The Polish Sejm (Parliament) proclaims the Constitution of third May, the first modern codified constitution in Europe.

July 14 - The Priestley Riots in Birmingham, England.

June 20 - The French Royal Family is captured when they try to flee in disguise.

August 6 - Brandenburg Gate in Berlin finished.

August 26 - John Fitch is granted a patent for the steamboat in the United States.

September 25 - The Mission Santa Cruz, is founded by Father Fermín Francisco de Lasuén, becoming the twelfth mission in the California mission chain.

September 30 - Première of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's singspiel Die Zauberflöte in the Freihaustheater auf der Wieden in Vienna.

October 9 - The Mission Nuestra Señora de la Soledad, was founded by Father Fermín Francisco de Lasuén, becoming the thirteenth mission in the California mission chain.

December 4 - The first issue of The Observer, the world's first Sunday newspaper, is published.

December 5 - Austrian composer, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart dies.

December 15 - Ratification by the states of the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution is completed, creating the United States Bill of Rights. Two additional amendments remain pending, and one of these is finally ratified in 1992, becoming the Twenty-seventh Amendment

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1790

January 8 - George Washington gives the first State of the Union Address.

July 9 - Russo-Swedish War: Second Battle of Svensksund - In the Baltic Sea, the Swedish navy captures one third of the Russian fleet.

July 14 - French Revolution: Citizens of Paris celebrate the constitutional monarchy and national reconciliation in the Fête de la Fédération.

[Pendragon]

1789

January 7 - First nationwide United States election

January 21 - The first American novel, The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of Nature Founded in Truth, is printed in Boston, Massachusetts

February 4 - George Washington is unanimously elected the first President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College.

March 4 - At Federal Hall in New York City, the first U.S. Congress meets and declares the new Constitution of the United States to be in effect.

April 1 - At Federal Hall in New York City, the United States House of Representatives holds its first quorum and elects Frederick Muhlenberg of Pennsylvania as its first House Speaker.

April 28 - Fletcher Christian leads a mutiny on HMS Bounty against Captain William Bligh

April 30 - George Washington is inaugurated at Federal Hall in New York City, beginning his term as the 1st President of the United States

June 14 - HMAV Bounty mutiny survivors including Captain William Bligh and 18 others reach Timor after a nearly 4,000 mile journey in an open boat

June 17 - In France, representatives of the Third Estate at the Estates-General declare themselves the National Assembly.

June 20 - Tennis Court Oath in Paris

July 9 - In Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly and begins preparations for a French constitution.

July 11 - King of France fires popular chief minister Necker

July 12 - Angry Parisian crowd demonstrates against King’s decision to dismiss minister Necker

July 14 - French Revolution: Citizens of Paris storm the Bastille and free seven prisoners. In rural areas, peasants attack noble manors.

July 27 - The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs (later renamed the Department of State), is established.

August 4 - In France members of the Constituent Assembly take an oath to end feudalism and abandon their privileges

August 7 - The United States War Department is established

August 26 - Declaration of the Rights of Man in France

August 28 - William Herschel discovers Enceladus, one of Saturn's moons.

September 2 - United States Department of the Treasury is founded.

September 11 - Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792: Alexander Suvorov roundly defeats the 100,000 Turks in the Battle of Rymnik.

September 24 - The Judiciary Act of 1789 establishes the federal judiciary.

September 25 - The United States Congress proposes a set of twelve amendments for ratification by the states. Ratification for ten of these proposals is completed on December 5, 1791, creating the United States Bill of Rights. An additional proposal is ratified more than two centuries later in 1992.

September 29 - The United States War Department first establishes the nation's first regular army, with a strength of several hundred men.

November 6 - Pope Pius VI appoints Father John Carroll (priest) the first Roman Catholic bishop in the United States.

November 20 - New Jersey ratifies the United States Bill of Rights, the first state to do so.

November 21 - North Carolina ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the 12th U.S. state.

November 26 - A national Thanksgiving Day is observed in the United States as recommended by President George Washington and approved by Congress.

[AmericanEagle]

1788 - February 1
Isaac Briggs and William Longstreet patent the steamboat

[Nightshade]

1787--- The society for the abolition of the Slave trade is founded.

[Pendragon]

1786
August 8 - Mont Blanc was climbed for the first time by Dr. Michael-Gabriel Paccard and Jacques Balmat.

August 11 - Captain Francis Light, known as the founder of Penang, landed in Penang and renamed it Prince of Wales Island in honour of the heir to the British throne.

[Nightshade]

1785 ----- 1+7=8 and there are 3 numbers before the last number so 8-3=5

1785

[AimusSage]

1784 - Bifocal specs are invented! :D

Night, where is the historic significance of 1785?

[Nightshade]

1783 well excuse me I didnt realsise that was a must!
fine 1783 Great briatian formally ceases hostilies with the new USA

[Whifflingpin]

1782
Royal George sinks off Portsmouth, Aug 29, commemorated by Cowper's poem "Toll for the Brave."

See Nightshade, historical and literary:lol:

[Pendragon]

1781

January 5 - American Revolutionary War: Richmond, Virginia is burned by British naval forces led by Benedict Arnold.

January 17 - American Revolutionary War: Americans under Daniel Morgan defeat British forces at the Battle of Cowpens.

January 30 - Articles of Confederation ratified by 13th state, Maryland.

January - William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister, enters Parliament.

March 1 - American Continental Congress implements the Articles of Confederation.

March 13 - Sir William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus. Originally he calls it Georgium Sidus (George's Star) in honour of King George III of England. (Hummm. Was it a slur to call it Uranus?)

March 15 - American Revolutionary War: American General Nathanael Greene loses Battle of Guilford Court House to British.

July 27 - French spy Francis Henry de la Motte executed in Tyburn prison in England for high treason

August 30 - American Revolutionary War: French fleet under Comte de Grasse enters Chesapeake Bay, cutting British General Charles Cornwallis off from escape by sea.

September 4 - Los Angeles is founded as El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora La Reina de Los Ángeles de Porciuncula (City of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels of Porciuncula) by a group of 44 Spanish settlers.

September 5 - British fleet under Thomas Graves arrives and fights de Grasse, but to no effect.

September 6 - The British army attacks a fort in Groton, Connecticut which became known as the Battle of Groton Heights.

September 10 - Graves gives up trying to break through the now-reinforced French fleet and returns to New York, leaving Cornwallis to his fate.

October 19 - Following the Siege of Yorktown, General Charles Cornwallis surrenders to General George Washington at Yorktown, Virginia, ending the armed struggle of the American Revolutionary War.

October 20 - Patent of Tolerance, providing limited freedom of worship, was approved in Habsburg Monarchy.

November 5 - John Hanson is elected President of the Continental Congress. (And you thought George Washington was the first elected President in the USA...)

November 29 - The slave ship Zong dumps its living cargo into the sea in order to claim insurance.

November 29 - Henry Hurle officially founds the Ancient Order of Druids(AOD) in London, England.

December 12 - French and British fleets fight in the Second Battle of Ushant.

[AmericanEagle]

1780 - September 25
Benedict Arnold flees to British-held New York

[toni]

1779

January 22 - American Revolutionary War: Claudius Smith is hanged at Goshen, Orange County, New York for supposed acts of terrorism upon the people of the surrounding communities.


February 14: Captain James Cook dies on the Sandwich Islands on his third and last voyage.


December 6 - Death of Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, French painter (b. 1699)

Unknown date - The Iron Bridge is completed across the River Severn in Shropshire; the first all cast-iron bridge ever constructed.

[Pendragon]

1778

January 18 - Third Pacific expedition of Capt. James Cook, with ships HMS Resolution and HMS Discovery, first view O'ahu then Kaua'i in the Hawaiian Islands, which he names the "Sandwich Islands."

February 5 - South Carolina becomes the first state to ratify the Articles of Confederation.

February 6 - American Revolutionary War: In Paris the Treaty of Alliance and the Treaty of Amity and Commerce are signed by the United States and France signaling official recognition of the new republic.

February 23 - American Revolutionary War: Baron von Steuben arrives at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania and begins to train the Continental Army.

June 28: The Battle of Monmouth.June 28 - American Revolutionary War: the Battle of Monmouth takes place in Monmouth, New Jersey.


July 3 - American Revolutionary War: the Wyoming Massacre takes place near Wilkes-Barre, Pa., ending in a terrible defeat of the local colonists.

July 10 - American Revolutionary War: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.

July 27 - American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant - British and French fleets fight to a standoff.

August 26 - Triglav, at 2,864 metres above sea level the highest peak of Slovenia, was ascended for the first time by four brave men: Luka Korošec, Matevž Kos, Štefan Rožič and Lovrenc Willomitzer on Sigismund Zois's initiative.

September - The Massachusetts Banishment Act, providing punishment for Loyalists, is passed.

September 17 - Treaty of Fort Pitt signed, the first formal treaty between the United States and a Native American tribe (the Lenape or Delaware). [Hypocrisy begins...]

September 19 - The Continental Congress passes the first budget of the United States.

November 26: Captain Cook at Maui.November 26 - In the Hawaiian Islands, Captain James Cook becomes the first European to discover Maui.

[Whifflingpin]

1777
Mar 12 Lavoisier reads to the Académie a memoir on the use of ashes in the manufacture of saltpetre.
Apr 30 Carl Friedrich Gauss born
Apr 12 Henry Clay born http://www.let.rug.nl/~usa/B/hclay/hclay.htm
Oct 21 Samuel Foote died

Britain is defeated by American forces in battles at Princeton and Bennington, but is victorious at Brandywine and Germantown, Pennsylvania

[Pendragon]

1776

Adam Smith publishes The Wealth of Nations

Edward Gibbon publishes The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

Austria abolishes death penalty and torture and decriminalizes witchcraft

British begin to use old ships docked close to shore as temporary prisons, prison junks

Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence


January 10 - Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense

January 20 - American Revolutionary War: South Carolina Loyalists led by Robert Cunningham sign a petition from prison agreeing to all demands for peace by the newly formed state government of South Carolina.

January 24 - American Revolutionary War: Henry Knox arrives at Cambridge, Massachusetts with the artillery that he has transported from Fort Ticonderoga.

February 27 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge:
North Carolina Loyalists charge across Moore's Creek bridge near Wilmington to attack what they mistakenly believe to be a small force of rebels. Several loyalist leaders are killed in the ensuing battle. The patriot victory virtually ends all British authority in the town.

March 4 - The American War of Independence: The Americans capture "Dorchester Heights" dominating the port of Boston, Massachusetts.

March 17 - American Revolutionary War: British forces evacuate Boston, Massachusetts after George Washington commands the placement of artillery overlooking the city at Dorchester Heights.

April 12 - American Revolutionary War: The Royal Colony of North Carolina produces the Halifax Resolves making it the first British colony to officially authorize its Continental Congress delegates to vote for independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain.

June 7 - American Revolutionary War: Richard Henry Lee of Virginia proposed to the Continental Congress a resolution calling for a Declaration of Independence.

June 8 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Trois-Rivières: American invaders are driven back at Trois-Rivières, Quebec.

June 12 - American Revolutionary War: Virginia Declaration of Rights by George Mason adopted by the Virginia Convention of Delegates.

June 15 - American Revolutionary War: Delaware Separation Day: The Delaware General Assembly votes to suspend government under the British Crown.

July 2 - American Revolutionary War: The final (despite minor revisions) U.S. Declaration of Independence is written.

July 4 - American Revolutionary War: United States Declaration of Independence. United States declares independence from the British Empire.

July 9 - American Revolutionary War: An angry mob in New York City topples the equestrian statue of George III in Bowling Green.

August 15 - American Revolutionary War: First Hessian troops land on Staten Island to join British forces

August 27 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Long Island: Washington's troops routed in Brooklyn by British under William Howe.

September 7 - American Revolutionary War: World's first submarine attack. American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagship HMS Eagle in New York Harbor. (A submarine!? In the Revelutionary War!?)

September 11 - American Revolutionary War: abortive peace conference between British and Americans on Staten Island.

September 15 - American Revolutionary War: British land on Manhattan at Kip's Bay.

September 16 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Harlem Heights

September 22 - American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale executed in New York City for espionage.

October 11 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Valcour Island: On Lake Champlain near Valcour Island, a British fleet led by Sir Guy Carleton defeats 15 American gunboats commanded by Brigadier General Benedict Arnold. Although nearly all of Arnold's ships are destroyed, the two day-long battle will give Patriot forces enough time to prepare defenses of New York City.

October 28 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of White Plains: British forces arrive at White Plains, attack and capture Chatterton Hill from the Americans.

November 16 - American Revolutionary War: Hessian mercenaries under Lieutenant General Wilhelm von Knyphausen capture Fort Washington from the American Continentals.

December 7 - American Revolutionary War: Marquis de Lafayette attempts to enter the American military as a major general.

December 21 - American Revolutionary War: The Royal Colony of North Carolina reorganizes into the State of North Carolina after adopting its own constitution. Richard Caswell becomes the first governor of the newly formed state.

December 23 - American Revolutionary War: Thomas Paine, living with Washington's troops begins publishing The American Crisis, containing the stirring phrase, "These are the times that try men's souls."

December 25 - American Revolutionary War: Gen. George Washington orders the first issue of The Crisis read to his troops on Christmas Eve, then at 6 p.m. all 2600 of them march to McKonkey's Ferry, cross the Delaware River and land on the Jersey bank at 3 a.m..

December 26 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Trenton: Washington's troops surprise the 1500 Hessian troops under the command of Col. Johann Rall at 8 a.m. outside Trenton and score a victory, taking 1000 prisoners while suffering only 6 wounded (It has been said that the Hessian soldiers were at a party dancing and drinking.)

[AmericanEagle]

1775
Last official execution for witchcraft in Germany

[Kelly_Sprout]

PS. Also in 1775: The birth of what is known today as the United States Army. In 1775 it was called the Continental Army.

[Whifflingpin]

1774
Warren Hastings appointed Governor-General of India
Quebec Act, 1774 passed by the British Parliament to institute a permanent administration in Canada
Scholars set up a Private Society of Sciences (later the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences) in Prague.
Pugachev's rebellion in Russia ends.
Goethe publishes "The Sorrows of Young Werther"

Feb 25: "at a meeting of a group of distinguished gentlemen at the Star and Garter pub in Pall Mall, the very first Official Laws of Cricket were drawn up"
July 21 : Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji ending six years of war.
Sep 5: The First Continental Congress convened in Philadelphia's Carpenters Hall

[Schokokeks]

January 15 : James Cook is the first person to cross the Antarctic Circle

[Whifflingpin]

1772

Emanuel Swedenborg, philosopher, dies
David Ricardo economist, born
Charles Fourier born
Samuel Taylor Coleridge born

Partition of Poland/Lithuania

[AmericanEagle]

1771
Discovery of Oxygen as a chemical element

[ClaesGefvenberg]

1770

March 5 - Boston Massacre: 5 Americans killed by British troops in an event that would help start the American Revolutionary War 5 years later.

May 16 - 14-year old Marie Antoinette marries 15-year old Louis-Auguste (who later becomes Louis XVI King of France).

August 22 - James Cook claims the eastern coast of New Holland (Australia) for Great Britain.